Form: SC 13G/A

Schedule filed to report acquisition of beneficial ownership of 5% or more of a class of equity securities by passive investors and certain institutions

February 14, 1997

JOINT FILING AGREEMENT

Published on February 14, 1997




Exhibit 1

JOINT FILING AGREEMENT
PURSUANT TO RULE 13d-1(f)(1)
----------------------------

The undersigned acknowledge and agree that the foregoing statement on
Schedule 13G is filed on behalf of each of the undersigned and that all
subsequent amendments to this statement on Schedule 13G shall be filed on behalf
of each of the undersigned without the necessity of filing additional joint
filing agreements. The undersigned acknowledge that each shall be responsible
for the timely filing of such amendments, and for the completeness and accuracy
of the information concerning it contained therein, but shall not be responsible
for the completeness and accuracy of the information concerning the others,
except to the extent that it knows or has reason to believe that such
information is inaccurate. This Agreement may be executed in any number of
counterparts and all of such counterparts taken together shall constitute one
and the same instrument.

Dated: February 14, 1997


WARBURG, PINCUS INVESTORS, L.P.

By: Warburg, Pincus & Co., General Partner


By: /s/ Stephen Distler
-----------------------------------------
Stephen Distler, Partner


WARBURG, PINCUS & CO.


By: /s/ Stephen Distler
-----------------------------------------
Stephen Distler, Partner


E.M. WARBURG, PINCUS & CO., LLC


By: /s/ Stephen Distler
-----------------------------------------
Stephen Distler, Member







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