May 1, 2024 - 10-Q: Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-14428

RENAISSANCERE HOLDINGS LTD.

(Exact Name Of Registrant As Specified In Its Charter)


Bermuda			98-0141974
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

Renaissance House, 12 Crow Lane, Pembroke, Bermuda HM 19

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

(441) 295-4513

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares, Par Value $1.00 per share	RNR	New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a Series F 5.750% Preference Share, Par Value $1.00 per share	RNR PRF	New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a Series G 4.20% Preference Share, Par Value $1.00 per share	RNR PRG	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒, Accelerated filer ☐, Non-accelerated filer ☐, Smaller reporting company ☐, Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of Common Shares, par value U.S. $1.00 per share, outstanding at April 26, 2024 was 52,879,038.

RENAISSANCERE HOLDINGS LTD.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
	GLOSSARY OF DEFINED TERMS	3
	NOTE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS	5

PART I
ITEM 1.	FINANCIAL STATEMENTS	7






ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	52
ITEM 3.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK	88
ITEM 4.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	88

PART II
ITEM 1.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS	89
ITEM 1A.	RISK FACTORS	89
ITEM 2.	UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS	89
ITEM 3.	DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES	89
ITEM 4.	MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES	89
ITEM 5.	OTHER INFORMATION	90
ITEM 6.	EXHIBITS	91

SIGNATURES		92

GLOSSARY OF DEFINED TERMS


“2024 Large Loss Events”			the collapse of the Francis Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore following a collision with a cargo ship in March 2024
“AIG”			American International Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation and NYSE-listed company (together with its affiliates and subsidiaries)
“ASC”			Accounting Standards Codification
“AlphaCat Managers”			AlphaCat Managers Ltd.
“A.M. Best”			A.M. Best Company, Inc.
“DaVinci”			DaVinciRe Holdings Ltd. and its subsidiaries
“DaVinci Reinsurance”			DaVinci Reinsurance Ltd.
“ERM”			enterprise risk management
“Exchange Act”			the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
“FAL”			a deposit that must be submitted to support the underwriting capacity of a member of Lloyd’s
“FASB”			Financial Accounting Standards Board
“FCR”			financial condition report
“Fitch”			Fitch Ratings Ltd.
“Fontana”			Fontana Holdings L.P. and its subsidiaries
“Form 10-K”			Annual Report on Form 10-K
“Form 10-Q”			this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024
“IRS”			United States Internal Revenue Service
“Medici”			RenaissanceRe Medici Fund Ltd.
“Moody’s”			Moody’s Investors Service
“NYSE”			New York Stock Exchange
“OECD”			Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
“Q1 2023 Large Loss Events”			the earthquakes in southern and central Turkey in February 2023, Cyclone Gabrielle, the flooding in northern New Zealand in January and February 2023, and various wind and thunderstorm events in both the Southern and Midwest U.S. during March 2023
“Renaissance Reinsurance”			Renaissance Reinsurance Ltd.
“Renaissance Reinsurance of Europe”			Renaissance Reinsurance of Europe Unlimited Company
“Renaissance Reinsurance U.S.”			Renaissance Reinsurance U.S. Inc.
“RenaissanceRe”			RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd.
“RenaissanceRe Finance”			RenaissanceRe Finance Inc.
“RenaissanceRe Specialty U.S.”			RenaissanceRe Specialty U.S. Ltd.
“RREAG”			RenaissanceRe Europe AG
“S&P”			Standard and Poor’s Rating Services
“SEC”			U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
“Securities Act”			Securities Act of 1933, as amended
“Stock Purchase Agreement”			Stock Purchase Agreement, dated May 22, 2023, among RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd. and AIG, as amended
“Syndicate 1458”			RenaissanceRe Syndicate 1458
“Talbot”			Talbot Underwriting Ltd., an affiliate of AIG
“Top Layer”			Top Layer Reinsurance Ltd.


“Tower Hill Companies”			collectively, our investments in a group of Tower Hill affiliated companies including Bluegrass Insurance Management, LLC, Tower Hill Claims Service, LLC, Tower Hill Holdings, Inc., Tower Hill Insurance Group, LLC, Tower Hill Insurance Managers, LLC, Tower Hill Re Holdings, Inc., Tower Hill Risk Management LLC and Tomoka Re Holdings, Inc.
“U.K.”			United Kingdom
“U.S.”			United States of America
“Upsilon Diversified”			RenaissanceRe Upsilon Diversified Fund, a segregated account of Upsilon Fund
“Upsilon Fund”			RenaissanceRe Upsilon Fund Ltd.
“Upsilon RFO”			Upsilon RFO Re Ltd.
“Validus”			Validus Holdings, Validus Specialty, and their respective subsidiaries that were acquired in the Validus Acquisition (including Validus Re and Validus Holdings (UK) Ltd), collectively
“Validus Acquisition”			The acquisitions under the Stock Purchase Agreement, together with the other transactions contemplated in the Stock Purchase Agreement.
“Validus Business”			the collective business of Validus
“Validus Holdings”			Validus Holdings, Ltd.
“Validus Re”			Validus Reinsurance, Ltd.
“Validus Specialty”			Validus Specialty, LLC
“Validus Switzerland”			Validus Reinsurance (Switzerland) Ltd
“Vermeer”			Vermeer Reinsurance Ltd.

NOTE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd. contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements are necessarily based on estimates and assumptions that are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which, with respect to future business decisions, are subject to change. These uncertainties and contingencies can affect actual results and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by, or on behalf of, us. In particular, statements using words such as “may,” “should,” “estimate,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” “predict,” “potential,” or words of similar import generally involve forward-looking statements. For example, we may include certain forward-looking statements in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” with regard to trends in results, prices, volumes, operations, investment results, margins, combined ratios, fees, reserves, market conditions, risk management and exchange rates; the impact of the Validus Acquisition on our business; the consequences of our strategic decisions; the performance of our underwriting portfolio, Capital Partners unit, and investment portfolio; and the impact of general economic conditions such as changes in inflation and interest rates on our results of operations. This Form 10-Q also contains forward-looking statements with respect to our business and industry, such as those relating to our strategy and management objectives, plans and expectations regarding our response and ability to adapt to changing economic conditions, market standing and product volumes, competition and new entrants in our industry, industry capital, insured losses from loss events, government initiatives and regulatory matters affecting the (re)insurance industries, and our integration of, and realization of benefits from, the Validus Acquisition (as hereinafter defined).

The inclusion of forward-looking statements in this report should not be considered as a representation by us or any other person that our current objectives or plans will be achieved. Numerous factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from those addressed by the forward-looking statements, including the following:

•our exposure to natural and non-natural catastrophic events and circumstances and the variance they may cause in our financial results;

•the effect of climate change on our business, including the trend towards increasingly frequent and severe climate events;

•the effectiveness of our claims and claim expense reserving process;

•the effect of emerging claims and coverage issues;

•the performance of our investment portfolio and financial market volatility;

•the effects of inflation;

•the ability of our ceding companies and delegated authority counterparties to accurately assess the risks they underwrite;

•our ability to maintain our financial strength ratings;

•our reliance on a small number of brokers;

•the highly competitive nature of our industry;

•the historically cyclical nature of the (re)insurance industries;

•collection on claimed retrocessional coverage, and new retrocessional reinsurance being available on acceptable terms or at all;

•our ability to attract and retain key executives and employees;

•our ability to successfully implement our business, strategies and initiatives;

•difficulties in integrating the Validus Business;

•our exposure to credit loss from counterparties;

•our need to make many estimates and judgments in the preparation of our financial statements;

•our exposure to risks associated with our management of capital on behalf of investors in joint ventures or other entities we manage;

•changes to the accounting rules and regulatory systems applicable to our business, including changes in Bermuda and U.S. laws or regulations;

•the effect of current or future macroeconomic or geopolitical events or trends, including the ongoing conflicts between Russia and Ukraine, and Israel and Hamas;

•other political, regulatory or industry initiatives adversely impacting us;

•our ability to comply with covenants in our debt agreements;

•the effect of adverse economic factors, including changes in the prevailing interest rates;

•the impact of cybersecurity risks, including technology breaches or failure;

•a contention by the IRS that any of our Bermuda subsidiaries are subject to taxation in the U.S.;

•the effects of new or possible future tax reform legislation and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including recent changes in Bermuda tax law;

•our ability to determine any impairments taken on our investments;

•our ability to raise capital on acceptable terms, including through debt instruments, the capital markets, and third party investments in our joint ventures and managed fund partners;

•our ability to comply with applicable sanctions and foreign corrupt practices laws; and

•our dependence on capital distributions from our operating subsidiaries.

As a consequence, our future financial condition and results may differ from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of us. The factors listed above, which are discussed in more detail in our filings with the SEC, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 21, 2024, and Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, should not be construed as exhaustive. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to revise or update forward-looking statements to reflect new information, events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


			Page
Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2024 (unaudited) and December 31, 2023			8
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023			9
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023			10
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023			11
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023			12
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements			13
Note 1. Organization			13
Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies			13
Note 3. Investments			14
Note 4. Fair Value Measurements			16
Note 5. Reinsurance			27
Note 6. Reserve for Claims and Claim Expenses			29
Note 7. Debt and Credit Facilities			33
Note 8. Noncontrolling Interests			34
Note 9. Variable Interest Entities			37
Note 10. Shareholders’ Equity			42
Note 11. Earnings per Share			43
Note 12. Segment Reporting			44
Note 13. Derivative Instruments			45
Note 14. Commitments and Contingencies and Other Items			51

RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands of United States Dollars, except share and per share amounts)


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
Fixed maturity investments trading, at fair value – amortized cost $21,519,144 at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 – $20,872,450)	$	21,309,460	$	20,877,108

Short term investments, at fair value - amortized cost $4,639,713 at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $4,603,340)	4,639,165		4,604,079
Equity investments, at fair value	119,992		106,766
Other investments, at fair value	3,468,281		3,515,566
Investments in other ventures, under equity method	99,684		112,624
Total investments	29,636,582		29,216,143
Cash and cash equivalents	1,606,739		1,877,518
Premiums receivable	8,431,335		7,280,682
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	1,282,860		924,777
Reinsurance recoverable	4,993,680		5,344,286
Accrued investment income	196,893		205,713
Deferred acquisition costs and value of business acquired	1,822,163		1,751,437
Deferred tax asset	669,635		685,040
Receivable for investments sold	1,168,305		622,197
Other assets	377,268		323,960
Goodwill and other intangible assets	758,874		775,352

Total assets	$	50,944,334	$	49,007,105
Liabilities, Noncontrolling Interests and Shareholders’ Equity
Liabilities
Reserve for claims and claim expenses	$	20,369,610	$	20,486,869
Unearned premiums	7,247,615		6,136,135
Debt	1,884,411		1,958,655
Reinsurance balances payable	3,353,834		3,186,174
Payable for investments purchased	1,427,932		661,611
Other liabilities	570,164		1,021,872

Total liabilities	34,853,566		33,451,316
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	6,297,983		6,100,831
Shareholders’ Equity
Preference shares: $1.00 par value – 30,000 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 – 30,000)	750,000		750,000
Common shares: $1.00 par value – 52,907,663 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 – 52,693,887)	52,908		52,694
Additional paid-in capital	2,137,343		2,144,459
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(13,778)		(14,211)
Retained earnings	6,866,312		6,522,016
Total shareholders’ equity attributable to RenaissanceRe	9,792,785		9,454,958


Total liabilities, noncontrolling interests and shareholders’ equity	$	50,944,334	$	49,007,105

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) (Unaudited)


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Revenues
Gross premiums written	$	3,990,684	$	2,790,261
Net premiums written	$	3,199,573	$	2,263,703
Decrease (increase) in unearned premiums	(755,663)		(583,153)
Net premiums earned	2,443,910		1,680,550
Net investment income	390,775		254,378
Net foreign exchange gains (losses)	(35,683)		(14,503)
Equity in earnings (losses) of other ventures	14,127		9,530
Other income (loss)	(50)		(4,306)
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments	(213,654)		279,451



Total revenues	2,599,425		2,205,100
Expenses
Net claims and claim expenses incurred	1,166,123		801,200
Acquisition expenses	630,921		432,257
Operational expenses	106,184		77,474
Corporate expenses	39,252		12,843
Interest expense	23,104		12,134
Total expenses	1,965,584		1,335,908
Income (loss) before taxes	633,841		869,192
Income tax benefit (expense)	(15,372)		(28,902)


Net income (loss)	618,469		840,290
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(244,827)		(267,384)
Net income (loss) attributable to RenaissanceRe	373,642		572,906
Dividends on preference shares	(8,844)		(8,844)
Net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders	$	364,798	$	564,062


Net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders per common share – basic	$	6.96	$	12.95


Net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders per common share – diluted	$	6.94	$	12.91

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

(in thousands of United States Dollars) (Unaudited)


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Comprehensive income (loss)
Net income (loss)	$	618,469	$	840,290
Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax	349		918
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax	84		(294)

Comprehensive income (loss)	618,902		840,914
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(244,827)		(267,384)

Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(244,827)		(267,384)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to RenaissanceRe	$	374,075	$	573,530

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

(in thousands of United States Dollars) (Unaudited)


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Preference shares
Beginning balance	$	750,000	$	750,000


Ending balance	750,000		750,000
Common shares
Beginning balance	52,694		43,718


Issuance of restricted stock awards	214		214
Ending balance	52,908		43,932
Additional paid-in capital
Beginning balance	2,144,459		475,647



Change in redeemable noncontrolling interests	(736)		(1,106)
Issuance of restricted stock awards	(6,380)		(6,918)
Ending balance	2,137,343		467,623
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Beginning balance	(14,211)		(15,462)
Change in net unrealized gains (loss) on investments, net of tax	349		918
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax	84		(294)

Ending balance	(13,778)		(14,838)
Retained earnings
Beginning balance	6,522,016		4,071,371

Net income (loss)	618,469		840,290
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(244,827)		(267,384)

Dividends on common shares	(20,502)		(16,615)
Dividends on preference shares	(8,844)		(8,844)
Ending balance	6,866,312		4,618,818

Total shareholders’ equity	$	9,792,785	$	5,865,535

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

(in thousands of United States Dollars) (Unaudited)


	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities
Net income (loss)	$	618,469	$	840,290
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Amortization, accretion and depreciation	16,028		(32,948)
Equity in undistributed (earnings) losses of other ventures	9,373		5,568
Net realized and unrealized (gains) losses on investments	155,848		(267,289)




Change in:
Premiums receivable	(1,150,653)		(794,230)
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	(358,083)		(109,419)
Reinsurance recoverable	350,606		4,254
Deferred acquisition costs and value of business acquired	(70,726)		(70,657)
Reserve for claims and claim expenses	(117,259)		104,253
Unearned premiums	1,111,480		691,535
Reinsurance balances payable	167,660		61,379
Other	(49,283)		2,972
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	683,460		435,708
Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities
Proceeds from sales and maturities of fixed maturity investments trading	6,892,412		5,019,879
Purchases of fixed maturity investments trading	(7,277,109)		(5,159,348)


Proceeds from sales of equity investments	8		105,676
Purchases of equity investments	(289)		(1,599)
Proceeds from sales of short term investments	7,423,756		6,766,410
Purchases of short term investments	(7,437,688)		(7,246,835)
Proceeds from sales of other investments	288,262		52,814
Purchases of other investments	(193,373)		(212,337)

Purchases of investments in other ventures	(643)		(11,250)
Return of investment from investment in other ventures	214		1,893




Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(304,450)		(684,697)
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities
Dividends paid – RenaissanceRe common shares	(20,501)		(16,615)
Dividends paid – preference shares	(8,844)		(8,950)



Repayment of debt	(75,000)		(30,000)




Subscriptions of third-party redeemable noncontrolling interest shares	71,242		253,390
Redemptions of third-party redeemable noncontrolling interest shares	(590,149)		(62,805)
Taxes paid on withholding shares	(21,323)		(18,729)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(644,575)		116,291
Effect of exchange rate changes on foreign currency cash	(5,214)		2,066
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(270,779)		(130,632)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	1,877,518		1,194,339
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	1,606,739	$	1,063,707

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

RENAISSANCERE HOLDINGS LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

March 31, 2024

(unless otherwise noted, amounts in tables expressed in thousands of United States (“U.S.”) dollars,

except shares, per share amounts and percentages) (Unaudited)

NOTE 1. ORGANIZATION

This report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with RenaissanceRe’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 (“Form 10-K”). RenaissanceRe was formed under the laws of Bermuda on June 7, 1993. Through its wholly owned and majority-owned subsidiaries, joint ventures and managed funds, the Company provides property, casualty and specialty reinsurance and certain insurance solutions to its customers.

These consolidated financial statements include the results of the Company, its subsidiaries, and all variable interest entities in which the Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary.

NOTE 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as described in its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, except as described below.

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in conformity with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, these unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position and results of operations as at the end of and for the periods presented. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated from these statements.

Certain comparative information has been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Because of the seasonality of the Company’s business, the results of operations and cash flows for any interim period will not necessarily be indicative of the results of operations and cash flows for the full fiscal year or subsequent quarters.

USE OF ESTIMATES IN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported and disclosed amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. The major estimates reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, the reserve for claims and claim expenses; reinsurance recoverable and premiums receivable, including provisions for reinsurance recoverable and premiums receivable to reflect expected credit losses; estimates of written and earned premiums; fair value, including the fair value of investments, financial instruments and derivatives; impairment charges; deferred acquisition costs, the value of business acquired (“VOBA”) and the fair value of other assets acquired and liabilities assumed in acquisitions; and the Company’s deferred tax valuation allowance.

NOTE 3. INVESTMENTS

Fixed Maturity Investments Trading

The following table summarizes the fair value of fixed maturity investments trading:



	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
U.S. treasuries	$	9,793,911	$	10,060,203
Corporate (1)	7,064,030		6,499,075
Residential mortgage-backed	1,616,444		1,420,362
Asset-backed	1,428,513		1,491,695
Agencies	594,522		489,117
Non-U.S. government	495,426		483,576
Commercial mortgage-backed	316,614		433,080
Total fixed maturity investments trading	$	21,309,460	$	20,877,108

(1)Corporate fixed maturity investments include non-U.S. government-backed corporate fixed maturity investments.

Contractual maturities of fixed maturity investments trading are described in the following table. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.




	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in less than one year	$	561,262	$	556,795	$	587,720	$	582,519
Due after one through five years	11,305,216		11,229,683		11,439,510		11,468,263
Due after five through ten years	5,921,030		5,863,512		5,182,667		5,188,716
Due after ten years	320,954		297,899		307,392		292,473
Mortgage-backed	1,985,128		1,933,058		1,864,520		1,853,442
Asset-backed	1,425,554		1,428,513		1,490,641		1,491,695
Total	$	21,519,144	$	21,309,460	$	20,872,450	$	20,877,108

Equity Investments

The following table summarizes the fair value of equity investments:



	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Financials	$	119,657	$	106,542
Consumer	148		212
Industrial, utilities and energy	105		—
Communications and technology	82		12




Total	$	119,992	$	106,766

Pledged Investments

At March 31, 2024, $10.1 billion (December 31, 2023 - $10.5 billion) of cash and investments at fair value were on deposit with, or in trust accounts for the benefit of, various counterparties, including with respect to the Company’s letter of credit facilities. Of this amount, $2.9 billion (December 31, 2023 - $2.9 billion) is on deposit with, or in trust accounts for the benefit of, U.S. state regulatory authorities.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

At March 31, 2024, the Company held $61.2 million (December 31, 2023 - $159.7 million) of reverse repurchase agreements. These loans are fully collateralized, are generally outstanding for a short period of time and are presented on a gross basis as part of short term investments on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The required collateral for these loans typically includes high-quality, readily marketable instruments. Upon maturity, the Company receives principal and interest income.

Net Investment Income

The components of net investment income are as follows:



	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Fixed maturity investments trading	$	257,289	$	155,500
Short term investments	46,791		32,950
Equity investments	560		3,399
Other investments
Catastrophe bonds	58,249		38,831
Other	17,925		24,571
Cash and cash equivalents	14,722		4,264
	395,536		259,515
Investment expenses	(4,761)		(5,137)
Net investment income	$	390,775	$	254,378

Net Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments

Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments are as follows:



	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023


Net realized gains (losses) on fixed maturity investments trading	$	9,796	$	(104,765)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity investments trading	(211,996)		312,026
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity investments trading	(202,200)		207,261
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investment-related derivatives(1)	(57,806)		12,162
Net realized gains (losses) on equity investments	—		(8,738)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity investments	13,097		39,151
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on equity investments	13,097		30,413
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on other investments - catastrophe bonds	18,907		24,126
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on other investments - other	14,348		5,489
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments	$	(213,654)	$	279,451

(1)Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investment-related derivatives includes fixed maturity investments related derivatives (interest rate futures, interest rate swaps, and credit default swaps), equity investments related derivatives (equity futures) and commodity investments related derivatives (commodity futures and commodity options). See “Note 13. Derivative Instruments” for additional information.

NOTE 4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The use of fair value to measure certain assets and liabilities with resulting unrealized gains or losses is pervasive within the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Fair value is defined under accounting guidance currently applicable to the Company as the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between open market participants at the measurement date. The Company recognizes the change in unrealized gains or losses arising from changes in fair value in its consolidated statements of operations.

Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements, prescribes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to the respective valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to valuation techniques that use at least one significant input that is unobservable (Level 3). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

•Fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize unadjusted quoted prices obtained from active markets for identical assets or liabilities for which the Company has access at the measurement date. The fair value is determined by multiplying the quoted price by the quantity held by the Company;

•Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level 1) that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals, broker quotes and certain pricing indices; and

•Level 3 inputs are based all or in part on significant unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. In these cases, significant management assumptions can be used to establish management’s best estimate of the assumptions used by other market participants in determining the fair value of the asset or liability.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the asset or liability. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and the Company considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

In order to determine if a market is active or inactive for a security, the Company considers a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the spread between what a seller is asking for a security and what a buyer is bidding for the same security, the volume of trading activity for the security in question, the price of the security compared to its par value (for fixed maturity investments), and other factors that may be indicative of market activity.

There have been no material changes in the Company’s valuation techniques, nor have there been any transfers between Level 1 and Level 2, or Level 2 and Level 3 during the period represented by these consolidated financial statements.

Below is a summary of the assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and also represents the carrying amount on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets:



At March 31, 2024	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fixed maturity investments trading
U.S. treasuries	$	9,793,911	$	9,793,911	$	—	$	—
Corporate (1)	7,064,030		—		7,064,030		—
Residential mortgage-backed	1,616,444		—		1,616,444		—
Asset-backed	1,428,513		—		1,428,513		—
Agencies	594,522		—		594,522		—

Non-U.S. government	495,426		—		495,426		—



Commercial mortgage-backed	316,614		—		316,614		—
Total fixed maturity investments trading	21,309,460		9,793,911		11,515,549		—
Short term investments	4,639,165		335,342		4,303,823		—
Equity investments	119,992		119,992		—		—
Other investments
Catastrophe bonds	1,828,155		—		1,828,155		—
Term loans	97,433		—		—		97,433
Direct private equity investments	59,964		—		—		59,964
	1,985,552		—		1,828,155		157,397
Fund investments (2)	1,482,729		—		—		—



Total other investments	3,468,281		—		1,828,155		157,397
Other assets and (liabilities)
Assumed and ceded (re)insurance contracts (3)	(517)		—		—		(517)

Derivative assets (4)	8,116		3,521		4,595		—
Derivative liabilities (4)	(10,603)		(1,719)		(8,884)		—

Total other assets and (liabilities)	(3,004)		1,802		(4,289)		(517)
	$	29,533,894	$	10,251,047	$	17,643,238	$	156,880

(1)Corporate fixed maturity investments include non-U.S. government-backed corporate fixed maturity investments.

(2)Fund investments, which may include private equity funds, private credit funds, and hedge funds, are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient and have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value presented in this table is provided to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheet.

(3)Included in assumed and ceded (re)insurance contracts at March 31, 2024 was $1.3 million of other assets and $1.8 million of other liabilities.

(4)Refer to “Note 13. Derivative Instruments” for additional information related to the fair value, by type of contract, of derivatives entered into by the Company.



At December 31, 2023	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fixed maturity investments trading
U.S. treasuries	$	10,060,203	$	10,060,203	$	—	$	—
Corporate (1)	6,499,075		—		6,499,075		—
Asset-backed	1,491,695		—		1,491,695		—
Residential mortgage-backed	1,420,362		—		1,420,362		—
Agencies	489,117		—		489,117		—
Non-U.S. government	483,576		—		483,576		—
Commercial mortgage-backed	433,080		—		433,080		—
Total fixed maturity investments trading	20,877,108		10,060,203		10,816,905		—
Short term investments	4,604,079		130,232		4,473,847		—
Equity investments	106,766		106,766		—		—
Other investments
Catastrophe bonds	1,942,199		—		1,942,199		—
Term loans	97,658		—		—		97,658
Direct private equity investments	59,905		—		—		59,905
	2,099,762		—		1,942,199		157,563
Fund investments (2)	1,415,804		—		—		—


Total other investments	3,515,566		—		1,942,199		157,563
Other assets and (liabilities)
Assumed and ceded (re)insurance contracts (3)	(515)		—		—		(515)
Derivative assets (4)	44,724		16,701		28,023		—
Derivative liabilities (4)	(29,992)		(10,372)		(19,620)		—

Total other assets and (liabilities)	14,217		6,329		8,403		(515)
	$	29,117,736	$	10,303,530	$	17,241,354	$	157,048

(1)Corporate fixed maturity investments include non-U.S. government-backed corporate fixed maturity investments.

(2)Fund investments, which may include private equity funds, private credit funds and hedge funds, are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient and have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value presented in this table is provided to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheet.

(3)Included in assumed and ceded (re)insurance contracts at December 31, 2023 was $2.2 million of other assets and $2.7 million of other liabilities.

(4)Refer to “Note 13. Derivative Instruments” for additional information related to the fair value, by type of contract, of derivatives entered into by the Company.

Level 1 and Level 2 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

Fixed Maturity Investments

Fixed maturity investments included in Level 1 consist of the Company’s investments in U.S. treasuries. Fixed maturity investments included in Level 2 are agencies, corporate (including non-U.S. government-backed corporate), non-U.S. government, residential mortgage-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and asset-backed.

The Company’s fixed maturity investments are primarily priced using pricing services, such as index providers and pricing vendors, as well as broker quotations. In general, the pricing vendors provide pricing for a high volume of liquid securities that are actively traded. For securities that do not trade on an exchange, the pricing services generally utilize market data and other observable inputs in matrix pricing models to determine month end prices. Observable inputs include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker-dealer quotes, issuer spreads, bids, offers, reference data and industry and economic events. Index pricing generally relies on market traders as the primary source for pricing; however, models are also utilized to provide prices for all index eligible securities. The models use a variety of observable inputs such as benchmark yields, transactional data, dealer runs, broker-dealer quotes and corporate actions. Prices are generally verified using third-party data. Securities which are priced by an index provider are generally included in the index.

In general, broker-dealers value securities through their trading desks based on observable inputs. The methodologies include mapping securities based on trade data, bids or offers, observed spreads, and performance on newly issued securities. Broker-dealers also determine valuations by observing secondary trading of similar securities. Prices obtained from broker quotations are considered non-binding, however they are based on observable inputs and by observing secondary trading of similar securities obtained from active and non-distressed markets.

The Company considers these broker quotations to be Level 2 inputs as they are corroborated with other market observable inputs. The techniques generally used to determine the fair value of the Company’s fixed maturity investments are detailed below by asset class.

U.S. Treasuries

Level 1 - At March 31, 2024, the Company’s U.S. treasuries fixed maturity investments are primarily priced by pricing services and had a weighted average yield to maturity of 4.4% and a weighted average credit quality of AA (December 31, 2023 - 4.1% and AA, respectively). When pricing these securities, the pricing services utilize daily data from many real time market sources, including active broker-dealers. Certain data sources are regularly reviewed for accuracy to attempt to ensure the most reliable price source is used for each issue and maturity date.

Corporate

Level 2 - At March 31, 2024, the Company’s corporate fixed maturity investments principally consist of U.S. and international corporations and non-U.S. government-backed corporations and had a weighted average yield to maturity of 5.8% and a weighted average credit quality of BBB (December 31, 2023 - 5.7% and BBB, respectively).

The Company’s corporate fixed maturity investments, other than non-U.S. government-backed corporations, are primarily priced by pricing services. When evaluating these securities, the pricing services gather information from market sources regarding the issuer of the security and obtain credit data, as well as other observations, from markets and sector news. Evaluations are updated by obtaining broker-dealer quotes and other market information including actual trade volumes, when available. The pricing services also consider the specific terms and conditions of the securities, including any specific features which may influence risk. In certain instances, securities are individually evaluated using a spread which is added to the U.S. treasury curve or a security specific swap curve as appropriate.

Non-U.S. government-backed corporate fixed maturity investments are primarily priced by pricing services that employ proprietary discounted cash flow models to value the securities. Key quantitative inputs for these models are daily observed benchmark curves for treasury, swap and high quality credits. The pricing services then apply a credit spread to the respective curve for each security which is developed by in-depth and real time market analysis. For securities in which trade volume is low, the pricing services utilize data from more frequently traded securities with similar attributes. These models may also be supplemented by daily market and credit research for international markets.

Agencies

Level 2 - At March 31, 2024, the Company’s agency fixed maturity investments had a weighted average yield to maturity of 5.0% and a weighted average credit quality of AA (December 31, 2023 - 4.6% and AA, respectively). The issuers of the Company’s agency fixed maturity investments primarily consist of the Federal National Mortgage Association, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and other agencies. Fixed maturity investments included in agencies are primarily priced by pricing services. When evaluating these securities, the pricing services gather information from market sources and integrate other observations from markets and sector news. Evaluations are updated by obtaining broker-dealer quotes and other market information including actual trade volumes, when available. The fair value of each security is individually computed using analytical models which incorporate option adjusted spreads and other daily interest rate data.

Non-U.S. Government

Level 2 - At March 31, 2024, the Company’s non-U.S. government fixed maturity investments had a weighted average yield to maturity of 4.7% and a weighted average credit quality of AA (December 31, 2023 - 4.4% and AA, respectively). The issuers of securities in this sector are non-U.S. governments and their respective agencies as well as supranational organizations. Securities held in these sectors are primarily priced by pricing services that employ proprietary discounted cash flow models to value the securities. Key quantitative inputs for these models are daily observed benchmark curves for treasury, swap and high issuance credits. The pricing services then apply a credit spread for each security which is developed by in-depth and real time market analysis. For securities in which trade volume is low, the pricing services utilize data from more frequently traded securities with similar attributes. These models may also be supplemented by daily market and credit research for international markets.

Residential Mortgage-backed

Level 2 - At March 31, 2024, the Company’s residential mortgage-backed fixed maturity investments had a weighted average yield of maturity of 5.3%, a weighted average credit quality of AA, and a weighted average life of 7.7 years (December 31, 2023 - 5.1%, AA and 7.7 years, respectively). Residential mortgage-backed securities include both agency and non-agency mortgage-backed securities. The Company’s agency mortgage-backed fixed maturity investments are primarily priced by pricing services using a mortgage pool specific model which utilizes daily inputs from the active to-be-announced market which is very liquid, as well as the U.S. treasury market. The model also utilizes additional information, such as the weighted average maturity, weighted average coupon and other available pool level data which is provided by the sponsoring agency. Valuations are also corroborated with active market quotes.

Non-agency mortgage-based securities are primarily priced by pricing services using an option adjusted spread model or other relevant models, which principally utilize inputs including benchmark yields, available trade information or broker quotes, and issuer spreads. The pricing services also review collateral prepayment speeds, loss severity and delinquencies among other collateral performance indicators for the securities valuation, when applicable.

Commercial Mortgage-backed

Level 2 - At March 31, 2024, the Company’s commercial mortgage-backed fixed maturity investments had a weighted average yield to maturity of 6.9%, a weighted average credit quality of AAA, and a weighted average life of 2.6 years (December 31, 2023 - 8.8%, AAA and 2.2 years, respectively). Securities held in these sectors are primarily priced by pricing services. The pricing services apply dealer quotes and other available trade information such as bids and offers, prepayment speeds which may be adjusted for the underlying collateral or current price data, the U.S. treasury curve and swap curve as well as cash settlement. The pricing services discount the expected cash flows for each security held in this sector using a spread adjusted benchmark yield based on the characteristics of the security.

Asset-backed

Level 2 - At March 31, 2024, the Company’s asset-backed fixed maturity investments had a weighted average yield to maturity of 6.9%, a weighted average credit quality of AA and a weighted average life of 4.3 years (December 31, 2023 - 7.0%, AA and 3.9 years, respectively). The underlying collateral for the Company’s asset-backed fixed maturity investments primarily consists of collateralized loan obligations and other receivables. Securities held in these sectors are primarily priced by pricing services. The pricing services apply dealer quotes and other available trade information such as bids and offers, prepayment speeds which may be adjusted for the underlying collateral or current price data, the U.S. treasury curve and swap curve as well as cash settlement. The pricing services determine the expected cash flows for each security held in this sector using historical prepayment and default projections for the underlying collateral and current market data. In addition, a spread is applied to the relevant benchmark and used to discount the cash flows noted above to determine the fair value of the securities held in this sector.

Short Term Investments

Level 1 - At March 31, 2024, the Company’s short term investments in U.S. treasuries are primarily priced by pricing services and had a weighted average yield to maturity of 5.1% and a weighted average credit quality of AA (December 31, 2023 - 5.3% and AAA). When pricing these securities, the pricing services utilize daily data from many real time market sources, including active broker-dealers. Certain data sources are regularly reviewed for accuracy to attempt to ensure the most reliable price source is used for each issue and maturity date.

Level 2 - At March 31, 2024, the Company’s other short term investments had a weighted average yield to maturity of 5.1% and a weighted average credit quality of AAA (December 31, 2023 - 5.3% and AAA, respectively). Amortized cost approximates fair value for the majority of the remainder of the Company’s short term investments portfolio and, in certain cases, fair value is determined in a manner similar to the Company’s fixed maturity investments noted above.

Equity Investments

Level 1 - The fair value of the Company’s portfolio of equity investments are primarily priced by pricing services, reflecting the closing price quoted for the final trading day of the period. When pricing these securities, the pricing services utilize daily data from many real time market sources, including applicable securities exchanges. All data sources are regularly reviewed for accuracy to attempt to ensure the most reliable price source was used for each security.

Other Investments

Catastrophe Bonds

Level 2 - The Company’s other investments include investments in catastrophe bonds which are recorded at fair value based on broker or underwriter bid indications.

Other Assets and Liabilities

Derivatives

Level 1 and Level 2 - Other assets and liabilities include certain derivatives entered into by the Company. The fair value of these transactions includes certain exchange traded futures and options contracts which are considered Level 1, and foreign currency contracts and certain credit derivatives, determined using standard industry valuation models and considered Level 2, as the inputs to the valuation model are based on observable market inputs. For credit derivatives, these inputs include credit spreads, credit ratings of the underlying referenced security, the risk-free rate and the contract term. For foreign currency contracts, these inputs include spot rates and interest rate curves.

Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

Below is a summary of quantitative information regarding the significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) used in determining the fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:



At March 31, 2024	Fair Value (Level 3)		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Weighted Average or Actual
Other investments
Direct private equity investments	$	59,964	Internal valuation model	Discount rate	10.0		%

				Liquidity discount	15.0		%
Term loans	97,433		Discounted cash flow	Credit spread adjustment	0.2		%
				Risk premium	2.6		%
Total other investments	157,397
Other assets and (liabilities)


Assumed and ceded (re)insurance contracts	(517)		Internal valuation model	Net undiscounted cash flows	$	12,523
				Expected loss ratio	2.0		%


				Discount rate	4.2		%



Total other assets and (liabilities)	(517)
Total assets and (liabilities) measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs	$	156,880



At December 31, 2023	Fair Value (Level 3)		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Weighted Average or Actual
Other investments








Direct private equity investments	$	59,905	Internal valuation model	Discount rate	10.0		%
				Liquidity discount	15.0		%
Term loans	97,658		Discounted cash flow	Credit spread adjustment	0.2		%
				Risk premium	2.6		%
Total other investments	157,563
Other assets and (liabilities)


Assumed and ceded (re)insurance contracts	(515)		Internal valuation model	Net undiscounted cash flows	$	12,478
				Expected loss ratio	2.3		%


				Discount rate	3.8		%


Total other assets and (liabilities)	(515)
Total assets and (liabilities) measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs	$	157,048

Below is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, for the periods shown, of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs.



	Other Investments
	Direct Private Equity Investments		Term Loans		Other Assets and (Liabilities)		Total
Balance - January 1, 2024	$	59,905	$	97,658	$	(515)	$	157,048

Included in net investment income	63		—		—		63
Included in net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments	—		—		—		—
Included in other income (loss)	—		—		(143)		(143)
Total foreign exchange gains (losses)	(4)		—		—		(4)
Purchases	—		—		141		141

Settlements	—		(225)		—		(225)



Balance - March 31, 2024	$	59,964	$	97,433	$	(517)	$	156,880



	Other Investments
	Direct Private Equity Investments		Term Loans		Other Assets and (Liabilities)		Total
Balance - January 1, 2023	$	66,780	$	100,000	$	(1,832)	$	164,948
Included in net investment income	62		—		—		62
Included in net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments	709		—		—		709
Included in other income (loss)	—		—		1,020		1,020
Total foreign exchange gains (losses)	(19)		—		—		(19)
Purchases	—		—		(300)		(300)

Settlements			—		—		—


Balance - March 31, 2023	$	67,532	$	100,000	$	(1,112)	$	166,420

Other Investments

Direct Private Equity Investments

Level 3 - At March 31, 2024, the Company’s other investments included $60.0 million (December 31, 2023 - $59.9 million) of direct private equity investments which are recorded at fair value, with the fair value obtained through the use of internal valuation models. The Company measured the fair value of these investments using multiples of net tangible book value of the underlying entities. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of these investments are liquidity discount rates applied to each of the net tangible book value multiples used in the internal valuation models, and discount rates applied to the expected cash flows of the underlying entities in various scenarios. These unobservable inputs in isolation can cause significant increases or decreases in fair value. Generally, an increase in the liquidity discount rate or discount rates would result in a decrease in the fair value of these private equity investments.

Term Loans

Level 3 - At March 31, 2024, the Company’s other investments included a $97.4 million (December 31, 2023 - $97.7 million) investment in a term loan which is recorded at fair value, with the fair value obtained through the use of a discounted cash flow model. The significant unobservable inputs used in the discounted cash flow model are the cash flow projection of the associated term loan, and the discount rate. The discount rate used is based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), which is then adjusted for credit risk and a risk premium. These adjustments may be impacted by market movements implied by transactions of similar or related assets, loan-to-value, tenor, liquidity, credit risk adjustment or other risk factors. Assumptions used in the valuation process may significantly impact the resulting fair value.

Other Assets and Liabilities

Assumed and Ceded (Re)insurance Contracts

Level 3 - At March 31, 2024, the Company had a $0.5 million net liability (December 31, 2023 - $0.5 million net liability) related to assumed and ceded (re)insurance contracts accounted for at fair value, with the fair value obtained through the use of an internal valuation model. The inputs to the internal valuation model are principally based on proprietary data as observable market inputs are generally not available. The most significant unobservable inputs include the assumed and ceded expected net cash flows related to the contracts, including the expected premium, acquisition expenses and losses; the expected loss ratio and the relevant discount rate used to present value the net cash flows. The contract period and acquisition expense ratio are considered an observable input as each is defined in the contract. Generally, an increase in the net expected cash flows and expected term of the contract and a decrease in the discount rate, expected loss ratio or acquisition expense ratio, would result in an increase in the expected profit and ultimate fair value of these assumed and ceded (re)insurance contracts.

Financial Instruments Disclosed, But Not Carried, at Fair Value

The Company uses various financial instruments in the normal course of its business. The Company’s (re)insurance contracts are excluded from the fair value of financial instruments accounting guidance, unless the Company elects the fair value option, and therefore, are not included in the amounts discussed herein. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accrued investment income, receivables for investments sold, certain other assets, payables for investments purchased, certain other liabilities, and other financial instruments not included herein approximated their fair values.

Debt

Included on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2024 were debt obligations of $1.9 billion (December 31, 2023 - $2.0 billion). At March 31, 2024, the fair value of the Company’s debt obligations was $1.9 billion (December 31, 2023 – $1.9 billion).

The fair value of the Company’s debt obligations is determined using indicative market pricing obtained from third-party service providers, which the Company considers Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. There have been no changes during the period in the Company’s valuation technique used to determine the fair value of the Company’s debt obligations. Refer to “Note 7. Debt and Credit Facilities” for additional information related to the Company’s debt obligations.

The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities

The Company has elected to account for certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value using the guidance under FASB ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, as the Company believes it represents the most meaningful measurement basis for these assets and liabilities. Below is a summary of the balances the Company has elected to account for at fair value:



	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Other investments	$	3,468,281	$	3,515,566
Other assets	$	1,306	$	2,227
Other liabilities	$	1,823	$	2,742

The change in fair value of other investments resulted in net unrealized gains on investments for the three months ended March 31, 2024 of $26.0 million (March 31, 2023 – net unrealized gains of $30.2 million).

Measuring the Fair Value of Other Investments Using Net Asset Valuations

The table below shows the Company’s portfolio of other investments measured using net asset valuations as a practical expedient:



At March 31, 2024	Fair Value		Unfunded Commitments		Redemption Frequency	Redemption Notice Period (Minimum Days)	Redemption Notice Period (Maximum Days)
Private credit funds	$	996,702	$	934,483	See below	See below	See below
Private equity funds	486,027		630,992		See below	See below	See below



Total other investments measured using net asset valuations	$	1,482,729	$	1,565,475



At December 31, 2023	Fair Value		Unfunded Commitments		Redemption Frequency	Redemption Notice Period (Minimum Days)	Redemption Notice Period (Maximum Days)
Private credit funds	$	982,016	$	949,135	See below	See below	See below
Private equity funds	433,788		673,778		See below	See below	See below

Total other investments measured using net asset valuations	$	1,415,804	$	1,622,913

Private Credit Funds

The Company’s investments in private credit funds include limited partnership or similar interests that invest in certain private credit asset classes, including U.S. direct lending funds, secondaries, mezzanine investments, distressed securities and senior secured bank loan funds. The Company generally has no right to redeem its interest in any of these private credit funds in advance of dissolution of the applicable limited partnerships. Instead, distributions are received by the Company in connection with the liquidation or maturity of the underlying private credit assets of the fund. It is estimated that the majority of the underlying assets of the limited partnerships would liquidate over 5 to 10 years from inception of the limited partnership.

Private Equity Funds

The Company’s investments in private equity funds include limited partnership or similar interests that invest in certain private equity asset classes including U.S. and global leveraged buyouts. The Company generally has no right to redeem its interest in any of these private equity funds in advance of dissolution of the applicable limited partnerships. Instead, distributions are received by the Company in connection with the exit from the underlying private equity investments of the fund. It is estimated that the majority of the underlying assets of the limited partnerships would liquidate over 5 to 10 years from inception of the limited partnership.

Limited Partnerships Entities

The Company’s fund investments, included within other investments, represent variable interests in limited partnerships entities with unaffiliated fund managers in the normal course of business. The Company determined that certain of these limited partnership interests represent investments in variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and that it is not required to consolidate these investments because it is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss with respect to these VIEs is limited to the carrying amounts reported in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and any unfunded commitment.

The following table summarizes the aggregate carrying amount of the unconsolidated fund investments in VIEs, as well as our maximum exposure to loss associated with these VIEs:



	Maximum Exposure to Loss
At March 31, 2024	Carrying amount		Unfunded Commitments		Total
Other investments	$	1,330,480	$	1,480,461	$	2,810,941

At December 31, 2023
Other investments	$	1,251,799	$	1,550,452	$	2,802,251

NOTE 5. REINSURANCE

The Company purchases reinsurance and other protection to manage its risk portfolio and to reduce its exposure to large losses. The Company currently has in place contracts that provide for recovery of a portion of certain claims and claim expenses, generally in excess of various retentions or on a proportional basis. In addition to loss recoveries, certain of the Company’s ceded reinsurance contracts provide for payments of additional premiums, for reinstatement premiums and for lost no-claims bonuses, which are incurred when losses are ceded to the respective reinsurance contracts. The Company remains liable to the extent that any reinsurer fails to meet its obligations.

The following table sets forth the effect of reinsurance and retrocessional activity on premiums written and earned and on net claims and claim expenses incurred:



	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Premiums Written
Direct	$	320,657	$	172,696
Assumed	3,670,027		2,617,565
Ceded	(791,111)		(526,558)
Net premiums written	$	3,199,573	$	2,263,703
Premiums Earned
Direct	$	279,742	$	254,019
Assumed	2,597,198		1,843,669
Ceded	(433,030)		(417,138)
Net premiums earned	$	2,443,910	$	1,680,550
Claims and Claim Expenses
Gross claims and claim expenses incurred	$	1,159,623	$	959,704
Claims and claim expenses recovered	6,500		(158,504)
Net claims and claim expenses incurred	$	1,166,123	$	801,200

In assessing an allowance for reinsurance assets, which includes premiums receivable and reinsurance recoverable, the Company considers historical information, financial strength of reinsurers, collateralization amounts, and counterparty credit ratings to determine the appropriateness of the allowance. In assessing future default for reinsurance assets, the Company evaluates the provision for current expected credit losses under the probability of default and loss given default method. The Company utilizes its internal capital and risk models, which use counterparty ratings from major rating agencies, and assesses the current market conditions for the likelihood of default. The Company updates its internal capital and risk models for counterparty credit ratings and current market conditions on a periodic basis. Historically, the Company has not experienced material credit losses from reinsurance assets.

Premiums receivable reflect premiums written based on contract and policy terms and include estimates based on information received from both insureds and ceding companies, supplemented by our own judgement, including our estimates of premiums that are written but not reported. Due to the nature of reinsurance, ceding companies routinely report and remit premiums to us subsequent to the contract coverage period, although the time lag involved in the process of reporting and collecting premiums is typically shorter than the lag in reporting losses.

At March 31, 2024, the Company’s premiums receivable balance was $8.4 billion (December 31, 2023 - $7.3 billion). Of the Company’s premiums receivable balance as of March 31, 2024, the majority are receivable from highly rated counterparties. The provision for current expected credit losses on the Company’s premiums receivable was $5.0 million at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $3.5 million). The following table provides a roll forward of the provision for current expected credit losses of the Company’s premiums receivable:



	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Beginning balance	$	3,514	$	4,606
Provision for (release of) allowance	1,450		(1,235)


Ending balance	$	4,964	$	3,371

Reinsurance recoverable reflects amounts due from reinsurers based on the claim liabilities associated with the reinsurance policy. The Company accrues amounts that are due from reinsurers based on estimated ultimate losses applicable to the contracts.

At March 31, 2024, the Company’s reinsurance recoverable balance was $5.0 billion (December 31, 2023 - $5.3 billion). Of the Company’s reinsurance recoverable balance at March 31, 2024, 57.8% is fully collateralized by our reinsurers, 41.0% is recoverable from reinsurers rated A- or higher by major rating agencies and 1.2% is recoverable from reinsurers rated lower than A- by major rating agencies (December 31, 2023 - 60.6%, 38.5% and 0.9%, respectively). The reinsurers with the three largest balances accounted for 15.5%, 13.3% and 9.0%, respectively, of the Company’s reinsurance recoverable balance at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - 17.6%, 14.3% and 8.7%, respectively). The provision for current expected credit losses was $12.0 million at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $13.3 million). The three largest company-specific components of the provision for current expected credit losses represented 14.1%, 10.5% and 5.8%, respectively, of the Company’s total provision for current expected credit losses at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - 10.9%, 10.7% and 8.1%, respectively). The following table provides a roll forward of the provision for current expected credit losses of the Company’s reinsurance recoverable:



	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Beginning balance	$	13,280	$	12,169
Provision for (release of) allowance	(1,291)		(665)


Ending balance	$	11,989	$	11,504

NOTE 6. RESERVE FOR CLAIMS AND CLAIM EXPENSES

The Company believes the most significant accounting judgment made by management is its estimate of claims and claim expense reserves. Claims and claim expense reserves represent estimates, including actuarial and statistical projections at a given point in time, of the ultimate settlement and administration costs for unpaid claims and claim expenses arising from the insurance and reinsurance contracts the Company sells. The Company’s reserve for claims and claim expenses are a combination of case reserves, additional case reserves (“ACR”) and incurred but not reported losses and incurred but not enough reported losses (collectively referred to as “IBNR”). Case reserves are losses reported to the Company by insureds and ceding companies, but which have not yet been paid. If deemed necessary and in certain situations, the Company establishes ACR which represents the Company’s estimate for claims related to specific contracts which the Company believes may not be adequately estimated by the client as of that date or within the IBNR. The Company establishes IBNR using actuarial techniques and expert judgement to represent the anticipated cost of claims which have not been reported to the Company yet, or where the Company anticipates increased reporting. The Company’s reserving committee, which includes members of the Company’s senior management, reviews, discusses, and assesses the reasonableness and adequacy of the reserving estimates included in our unaudited consolidated financial statements.

The following table summarizes the Company’s reserve for claims and claim expenses by segment, allocated between case reserves, additional case reserves and IBNR:



At March 31, 2024	Case Reserves		Additional Case Reserves		IBNR		Total
Property	$	2,280,896	$	1,337,581	$	3,584,236	$	7,202,713
Casualty and Specialty	2,846,731		176,242		10,143,924		13,166,897

Total	$	5,127,627	$	1,513,823	$	13,728,160	$	20,369,610

At December 31, 2023
Property	$	2,461,580	$	1,459,010	$	3,913,030	$	7,833,620
Casualty and Specialty	2,801,016		203,560		9,648,673		12,653,249

Total	$	5,262,596	$	1,662,570	$	13,561,703	$	20,486,869

Activity in the liability for unpaid claims and claim expenses is summarized as follows:



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023
Reserve for claims and claim expenses, net of reinsurance recoverable, as of beginning of period	$	15,142,583	$	11,181,648
Net incurred related to:
Current year	1,263,204		905,952
Prior years	(97,081)		(104,752)
Total net incurred	1,166,123		801,200
Net paid related to:
Current year	40,657		26,969
Prior years	872,205		690,868
Total net paid	912,862		717,837




Foreign exchange and other (1)	(19,914)		25,144
Reserve for claims and claim expenses, net of reinsurance recoverable, as of end of period	15,375,930		11,290,155
Reinsurance recoverable as of end of period	4,993,680		4,706,671
Reserve for claims and claim expenses as of end of period	$	20,369,610	$	15,996,826

(1) Reflects the impact of the foreign exchange revaluation of the reserve for claims and claim expenses, net of reinsurance recoverable, denominated in non-U.S. dollars as at the balance sheet date, as well as deals accounted for under retroactive reinsurance accounting.

Prior Year Development of the Reserve for Net Claims and Claim Expenses

The Company’s estimates of claims and claim expense reserves are not precise in that, among other things, they are based on predictions of future developments and estimates of future trends and other variable factors. Some, but not all, of the Company’s reserves are further subject to the uncertainty inherent in actuarial methodologies and estimates. Because a reserve estimate is simply an insurer’s estimate at a point in time of its ultimate liability, and because there are numerous factors that affect reserves and claims payments that cannot be determined with certainty in advance, the Company’s ultimate payments will vary, perhaps materially, from its estimates of reserves. If the Company determines in a subsequent period that adjustments to its previously established reserves are appropriate, such adjustments are recorded in the period in which they are identified. On a net basis, the Company’s cumulative favorable or unfavorable development is generally reduced by offsetting changes in its reinsurance recoverable, as well as changes to loss related premiums such as reinstatement premiums and redeemable noncontrolling interest, all of which generally move in the opposite direction to changes in the Company’s ultimate claims and claim expenses.

The following table details the Company’s prior year net development by segment of its net claims and claim expenses:



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023
	(Favorable) adverse development		(Favorable) adverse development
Property	$	(94,667)	$	(81,693)
Casualty and Specialty	(2,414)		(23,059)

Total net (favorable) adverse development of prior accident years net claims and claim expenses	$	(97,081)	$	(104,752)

Changes to prior year estimated net claims and claim expenses increased net income by $97.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (2023 - increased net income by $104.8 million), excluding the consideration of changes in reinstatement, adjustment or other premium changes, profit commissions, redeemable noncontrolling interests - DaVinci, Fontana and Vermeer and income tax.

Property Segment

The following tables detail the development of the Company’s liability for net unpaid claims and claim expenses for its Property segment, allocated between large catastrophe events and other small catastrophe events and attritional loss movements:



Three months ended March 31,	2024
	(Favorable) adverse development
Catastrophe net claims and claim expenses
Large catastrophe events
2023 Large Loss Events (1)	$	1,569
2022 Weather-Related Large Losses (2)	(8,574)
2021 Weather-Related Large Losses (3)	(36,228)
2020 Weather-Related Large Loss Events (4)	(6,128)
2019 Large Loss Events (5)	(4,053)
2018 Large Loss Events (6)	(9,461)
2017 Large Loss Events (7)	(7,288)

Total large catastrophe events	(70,163)
Small catastrophe events and attritional loss movements


Other small catastrophe events and attritional loss movements	(24,504)

Total small catastrophe events and attritional loss movements	(24,504)

Total net (favorable) adverse development of prior accident years net claims and claim expenses	$	(94,667)

(1)“2023 Large Loss Events” includes Hurricane Otis and Storm Ciaran in October and November 2023, the wildfires in Hawaii in August 2023 and Hurricane Idalia, a series of large, severe weather events in Texas and other southern and central U.S. states in June 2023, the earthquakes in southern and central Turkey in February 2023, Cyclone Gabrielle, the flooding in northern New Zealand in January and February 2023, and various wind and thunderstorm events in both the Southern and Midwest U.S. during March 2023, and certain aggregate loss contracts triggered during 2023.

(2)“2022 Weather-Related Large Losses” includes Hurricane Ian, the floods in Eastern Australia in February and March of 2022, Storm Eunice, the severe weather in France in May and June of 2022, Hurricane Fiona and the typhoons in Asia during the third quarter of 2022, Hurricane Nicole and Winter Storm Elliott during the fourth quarter of 2022, and loss estimates associated with certain aggregate loss contracts triggered during 2022 as a result of weather-related catastrophe events.

(3)“2021 Weather-Related Large Losses” includes Winter Storm Uri, the European Floods, Hurricane Ida, the hail storm in Europe in late June 2021, the wildfires in California during the third quarter of 2021, the tornadoes in the Central and Midwest U.S. in December 2021, the Midwest Derecho in December 2021, and losses associated with aggregate loss contracts.

(4)“2020 Weather-Related Large Loss Events” includes Hurricanes Laura, Sally, Isaias, Delta, Zeta and Eta, the California, Oregon and Washington wildfires, Typhoon Maysak, the August 2020 Derecho, and losses associated with aggregate loss contracts.

(5)“2019 Large Loss Events” includes Hurricane Dorian and Typhoons Faxai and Hagibis and certain losses associated with aggregate loss contracts.

(6)“2018 Large Loss Events” includes Typhoons Jebi, Mangkhut and Trami, Hurricane Florence, the wildfires in California during the third and fourth quarters of 2018, Hurricane Michael and certain losses associated with aggregate loss contracts.

(7)“2017 Large Loss Events” includes Hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria, the Mexico City Earthquake, the wildfires in California during the fourth quarter of 2017 and certain losses associated with aggregate loss contracts.

The net favorable development of prior accident years net claims and claim expenses was driven by better than expected loss emergence.

The net favorable development on other small catastrophe events and attritional loss movements was related to lines of business where the Company principally estimates net claims and claim expenses using traditional actuarial methods.



Three months ended March 31,	2023
	(Favorable) adverse development
Catastrophe net claims and claim expenses
Large catastrophe events
2022 Weather-Related Large Losses	$	(7,785)
2021 Weather-Related Large Losses	(32,333)
2020 Weather-Related Large Loss Events	6,535
2019 Large Loss Events	(15,369)
2018 Large Loss Events	(16,259)
2017 Large Loss Events	(11,486)
Other	90
Total large catastrophe events	(76,607)
Small catastrophe events and attritional loss movements
Other small catastrophe events and attritional loss movements	(5,086)
Total small catastrophe events and attritional loss movements	(5,086)

Total net (favorable) adverse development of prior accident years net claims and claim expenses	$	(81,693)

The net favorable development of prior accident years net claims and claim expenses was largely driven by better than expected loss emergence.

The net adverse development on other small catastrophe events and attritional loss movements was related to lines of business where the Company principally estimates net claims and claim expenses using traditional actuarial methods.

Casualty and Specialty Segment

The following table details the development of the Company’s prior accident years net claims and claim expenses for its Casualty and Specialty segment:



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023
	(Favorable) adverse development		(Favorable) adverse development
Actuarial methods - actual reported claims less than expected claims	$	(2,414)	$	(23,059)

Total net (favorable) adverse development of prior accident years net claims and claim expenses	$	(2,414)	$	(23,059)

The Company principally estimates net claims and claim expenses for the Casualty and Specialty segment using traditional actuarial methods.

The net favorable development of prior accident years net claims and claim expenses in the three months ended March 31, 2024, was primarily due to reported losses generally coming in lower than expected on attritional net claims and claim expenses driven by favorable experience within the Company’s other specialty and credit lines of business.

The net favorable development of prior accident years net claims and claim expenses in the three months ended March 31, 2023 was primarily due to reported losses generally coming in lower than expected on attritional net claims and claim expenses driven by favorable experience within the Company’s other specialty and credit line of business.

NOTE 7. DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES

There have been no material changes to the Company’s debt obligations and credit facilities as described in its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, except as described below or otherwise disclosed.

The agreements governing the Company’s debt obligations and credit facilities contain certain customary representations, warranties and covenants. At March 31, 2024, the Company believes that it was in compliance with its debt covenants.

Debt Obligations

A summary of the Company’s debt obligations on its consolidated balance sheets is set forth below:



	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value
5.750% Senior Notes due 2033	$	755,573	$	741,359	$	758,783	$	741,124
3.600% Senior Notes due 2029	371,760		395,364		371,276		395,137
3.450% Senior Notes due 2027	282,288		298,393		283,350		298,270
3.700% Senior Notes due 2025	294,525		299,630		293,154		299,537
4.750% Senior Notes due 2025 (DaVinci) (1)	147,075		149,665		147,489		149,587
Total senior notes	1,851,221		1,884,411		1,854,052		1,883,655
Medici Revolving Credit Facility (2)	—		—		75,000		75,000
Total debt	$	1,851,221	$	1,884,411	$	1,929,052	$	1,958,655

(1)RenaissanceRe owns a noncontrolling economic interest in its joint venture DaVinci. Because RenaissanceRe controls a majority of DaVinci’s issued voting shares, the consolidated financial statements of DaVinci are included in the consolidated financial statements of RenaissanceRe. However, RenaissanceRe does not guarantee or provide credit support for DaVinci and RenaissanceRe’s financial exposure to DaVinci is limited to its investment in DaVinci’s shares and counterparty credit risk arising from reinsurance transactions.

(2)RenaissanceRe owns a noncontrolling economic interest in Medici. Because RenaissanceRe controls all of Medici’s issued voting shares, the financial statements of Medici are included in RenaissanceRe’s consolidated financial statements. However, RenaissanceRe does not guarantee or provide credit support for Medici, and RenaissanceRe’s financial exposure to Medici is limited to its investment in Medici’s shares and counterparty credit risk arising from reinsurance transactions. At March 31, 2024, no amounts were issued or drawn under this facility.

Credit Facilities

The outstanding amounts issued or drawn under each of the Company’s significant credit facilities is set forth below:



At March 31, 2024	Issued or drawn
Revolving Credit Facility (1)	$	—
Medici Revolving Credit Facility (2)	—
Bilateral Letter of Credit Facilities
Secured	498,399
Unsecured	702,864
Funds at Lloyd’s Letter of Credit Facility	225,000


	$	1,426,263

(1)At March 31, 2024, no amounts were issued or drawn under this facility.

NOTE 8. NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS

A summary of the Company’s redeemable noncontrolling interests on its consolidated balance sheets is set forth below:



	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - DaVinci	$	2,634,555	$	2,541,482
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - Medici	1,778,763		1,650,229
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - Vermeer	1,433,268		1,555,297
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - Fontana	451,397		353,823
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	$	6,297,983	$	6,100,831

A summary of the Company’s redeemable noncontrolling interests on its consolidated statements of operations is set forth below:



	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - DaVinci	$	148,013	$	166,082
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - Vermeer	52,971		47,405
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - Medici	46,269		45,069
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - Fontana	(2,426)		8,828
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	$	244,827	$	267,384

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest – DaVinci

DaVinci is a managed joint venture formed by RenaissanceRe principally to write property catastrophe reinsurance and certain casualty and specialty reinsurance lines of business on a global basis through its wholly-owned subsidiary, DaVinci Reinsurance. RenaissanceRe owns a noncontrolling economic interest in DaVinci; however, because RenaissanceRe controls a majority of DaVinci’s outstanding voting rights, the Company consolidates DaVinci and all significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated. The portion of DaVinci’s earnings owned by third parties is recorded in the consolidated statements of operations as net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests. The Company’s noncontrolling economic ownership in DaVinci was 23.9% at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - 27.8%).

DaVinci shareholders are party to a shareholders agreement which provides DaVinci shareholders, excluding RenaissanceRe, with certain redemption rights that enable each shareholder to notify DaVinci of such shareholder’s desire for DaVinci to repurchase up to half of such shareholder’s initial aggregate number of shares held, subject to certain limitations, such as limiting the aggregate of all share repurchase requests to 25% of DaVinci’s capital in any given year and satisfying all applicable regulatory requirements. If total shareholder requests exceed 25% of DaVinci’s capital, the number of shares repurchased will be reduced among the requesting shareholders pro-rata, based on the amounts desired to be repurchased. Shareholders desiring to have DaVinci repurchase their shares must notify DaVinci before March 1 of each year. The repurchase price will be based on GAAP book value as of the end of the year in which the shareholder notice is given, and the repurchase will be effective as of December 31 of that year. The repurchase price can be subject to a holdback and true-up for potential development on outstanding loss reserves. Similarly, when shares are issued by DaVinci and sold to DaVinci shareholders, the sale price is based on GAAP book value as of the end of the period preceding the sale and can be subject to a true-up for potential development on outstanding loss reserves.

2024

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, RenaissanceRe sold an aggregate of $300.0 million of its shares in DaVinci to third-party investors and purchased an aggregate of $175.0 million of shares from other third-party investors. In addition, DaVinci distributed $355.6 million to third-party investors and

$69.4 million to the Company, following strong earnings in 2023. The Company’s noncontrolling economic ownership in DaVinci subsequent to these transactions was 23.9%.

The timing of cash flows associated with equity capital transactions can vary from one period to the next. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, RenaissanceRe received no subscriptions of shares in DaVinci by third-party investors, and paid $355.6 million as a result of redemptions of shares from and distributions to third-party investors.

2023

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, DaVinci completed an equity capital raise of $250.0 million, comprised of $102.2 million from third-party investors and $147.8 million from RenaissanceRe. In addition, RenaissanceRe sold an aggregate of $275.0 million of its shares in DaVinci to third-party investors and purchased an aggregate of $50.2 million of shares from other third-party investors. The Company’s noncontrolling economic ownership in DaVinci subsequent to these transactions was 25.4%.

The Company expects its noncontrolling economic ownership in DaVinci to fluctuate over time.

The activity in redeemable noncontrolling interest – DaVinci is detailed in the table below:



	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Beginning balance	$	2,541,482	$	1,740,300
Redemption of shares from redeemable noncontrolling interests	(355,702)		(50,175)
Sale of shares to redeemable noncontrolling interests, net of adjustments	300,762		378,334

Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest	148,013		166,082

Ending balance	$	2,634,555	$	2,234,541

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest - Medici

Medici is an exempted company, incorporated in Bermuda and registered as an institutional fund. Medici invests, primarily on behalf of third-party investors, in various instruments that have returns primarily tied to property catastrophe risk. RenaissanceRe owns a noncontrolling economic interest in Medici; however, because RenaissanceRe controls all of Medici’s issued voting shares, the Company consolidates Medici and all significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated. The portion of Medici’s earnings owned by third parties is recorded in the consolidated statements of operations as net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests. Any shareholder may redeem all or any portion of its shares as of the last day of any calendar month, upon at least 30 calendar days’ prior irrevocable written notice to Medici.

2024

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, investors subscribed for $146.2 million, and redeemed $45.6 million, of the participating, non-voting common shares of Medici. Investors also received $18.4 million in dividends. As a result of these net subscriptions, the Company’s noncontrolling economic ownership in Medici was 11.4% at March 31, 2024.

The timing of cash flows associated with equity capital transactions can vary from one period to the next. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, RenaissanceRe received $70.7 million from subscriptions of shares in Medici by third-party investors, and paid $59.4 million as a result of redemptions of shares from and dividends to third-party investors.

2023

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, investors subscribed for $244.1 million, including $0.1 million from the Company, and redeemed $17.6 million, of the participating, non-voting common shares of Medici. As a result of these net subscriptions, the Company’s noncontrolling economic ownership in Medici was 10.8% at March 31, 2023.

The Company expects its noncontrolling economic ownership in Medici to fluctuate over time.

The activity in redeemable noncontrolling interest – Medici is detailed in the table below:



	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Beginning balance	$	1,650,229	$	1,036,218
Redemption of shares from redeemable noncontrolling interests, net of adjustments	(45,567)		(17,648)
Sale of shares to redeemable noncontrolling interests	146,242		244,102
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest	46,269		45,069
Dividends on common shares	(18,410)		—

Ending balance	$	1,778,763	$	1,307,741

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest – Vermeer

Vermeer is a managed joint venture formed by RenaissanceRe to provide capacity focused on risk remote layers in the U.S. property catastrophe market. RenaissanceRe owns 100% of the voting non-participating shares of Vermeer, while the sole third-party investor, Stichting Pensioenfonds Zorg en Welzijn (“PFZW”), a pension fund represented by PGGM Vermogensbeheer B.V., a Dutch pension fund manager, owns 100% of the non-voting participating shares of Vermeer and retains all of the economic benefits. The Company has concluded that Vermeer is a VIE as it has voting rights that are not proportional to its participating rights, and the Company is the primary beneficiary of Vermeer. As a result, the Company consolidates Vermeer and all significant inter-company transactions have been eliminated. As PFZW owns all of the economics of Vermeer, all of Vermeer’s earnings are allocated to PFZW in the consolidated statement of operations as net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests. The Company has not provided any financial or other support to Vermeer that it was not contractually required to provide.

2024

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Vermeer declared and paid $175.0 million of dividends to PFZW.

2023

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no subscriptions for participating, non-voting common shares of Vermeer.

The Company does not expect its noncontrolling economic ownership in Vermeer to fluctuate over time.

The activity in redeemable noncontrolling interest – Vermeer is detailed in the table below:



	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Beginning balance	$	1,555,297	$	1,490,840
Dividends on common shares	(175,000)		—


Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest	52,971		47,405

Ending balance	$	1,433,268	$	1,538,245

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest – Fontana

Fontana Holdings L.P. and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Fontana”) are a managed joint venture formed by the Company to assume casualty and specialty risks in line with the Company’s book of business. RenaissanceRe owns a noncontrolling economic interest in Fontana and controls a majority of Fontana’s issued voting shares. The Company concluded that Fontana meets the definition of a VIE as the voting rights are not proportional with the obligations to absorb losses and rights to receive residual returns. The Company evaluated its relationship with Fontana and concluded it is the primary beneficiary of Fontana, as it has power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Fontana. As a result, the Company consolidates Fontana and all significant inter-company transactions have been eliminated. The portion of Fontana’s earnings owned by third parties is recorded in the consolidated statements of operations as net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests. The Company may be obligated to repurchase all or a portion of the shares held by shareholders of Fontana upon request, subject to certain restrictions. The Company has not provided any financial or other support to Fontana that it was not contractually required to provide.

2024

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, investors subscribed for $100.0 million of the non-voting shares of Fontana, including $50.0 million from the Company. In addition, RenaissanceRe sold an aggregate of $50.0 million of its shares in Fontana to third-party investors. As a result of these transactions, the Company’s noncontrolling economic ownership in Fontana was 26.5% at March 31, 2024.

2023

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no subscriptions or redemptions of non-voting common shares of Fontana. The Company’s noncontrolling economic ownership in Fontana was 31.6% at March 31, 2023.

The Company’s investment in Fontana may fluctuate, perhaps materially, in future quarters.

The activity in redeemable noncontrolling interest – Fontana is detailed in the table below:



	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Beginning balance	$	353,823	$	268,031

Sale of shares to redeemable noncontrolling interest	100,000		—

Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest	(2,426)		8,828

Ending balance	$	451,397	$	276,859

NOTE 9. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Upsilon RFO

Upsilon RFO Re Ltd. (“Upsilon RFO”) is an exempted company incorporated in Bermuda. It is registered as a segregated accounts company and as a collateralized insurer. Upsilon RFO currently has four segregated accounts (Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II, III and IV). RenaissanceRe indirectly owns a portion of the participating non-voting preference shares of three of the existing segregated accounts of Upsilon RFO (Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III) and all of Upsilon RFO’s voting Class A shares. The shareholders (other than the voting Class A shareholder) participate in all of the profits or losses of Upsilon RFO while their shares remain outstanding. The shareholders (other than the voting Class A shareholder) indemnify Upsilon RFO against losses relating to insurance risk, and therefore, these shares have been accounted for as prospective reinsurance under FASB ASC Topic 944, Financial Services - Insurance.

Upsilon RFO is considered a VIE as it has insufficient equity capital to finance its activities without additional financial support. The Company is the primary beneficiary of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III as it has

the power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of those segregated accounts and has the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to those segregated accounts, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company consolidates Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III and all significant inter-company transactions have been eliminated.

The Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of Upsilon RFO Diversified IV, as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to that segregated account, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of Upsilon RFO Diversified IV. The Company does not have, has not previously had, and does not expect to have, a material investment in Upsilon RFO Diversified IV. In addition, the Company expects its absolute and relative ownership in Upsilon RFO Diversified IV to remain minimal.

Other than its equity investments in Upsilon RFO, the Company has not provided financial or other support to Upsilon RFO that it was not contractually required to provide.

2024

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and following the release of collateral that was previously held by cedants associated with prior years’ contracts, Upsilon RFO returned $109.3 million of capital to investors of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III, including $13.0 million to the Company. At March 31, 2024, the Company’s participation in the risks assumed by Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III was 14.6%.

At March 31, 2024, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included total assets and total liabilities of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III of $2.1 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively (December 31, 2023 - $2.4 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively). Of the total assets and liabilities of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III, a net amount of $73.2 million (December 31, 2023 - $74.2 million) is attributable to the Company, and $451.3 million (December 31, 2023 - $500.0 million) is attributable to third-party investors. Of the total assets and liabilities of Upsilon RFO Diversified IV, a net amount of $79.3 million (December 31, 2023 - $88.3 million) is attributable to third party investors.

2023

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, and following the release of collateral that was previously held by cedants associated with prior years’ contracts, Upsilon RFO returned $160.1 million of capital to investors of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III, including $20.7 million to the Company. Also during the three months ended March 31, 2023, Upsilon RFO did not issue non-voting preference shares to investors. At March 31, 2023, the Company’s participation in the risks assumed by Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III was 12.6%.

Upsilon Diversified

RenaissanceRe Upsilon Diversified Fund (“Upsilon Diversified”) is a segregated account of RenaissanceRe Upsilon Fund Ltd. (“Upsilon Fund”), an exempted company incorporated in Bermuda which is registered as a segregated accounts company and a Class A Professional Fund. Upsilon Diversified provides a fund structure through which investors can invest in reinsurance risk managed by the Company, which includes investments in Upsilon RFO and Medici. The Company concluded that Upsilon Diversified meets the definition of a VIE as the voting rights are not proportional with the obligations to absorb losses and rights to receive residual returns. The Company evaluated its relationship with Upsilon Diversified and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of Upsilon Diversified, as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to Upsilon Diversified, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of Upsilon Diversified. Upsilon Diversified meets the definition of an investment company in accordance with accounting guidance, and accordingly, is required to account for all of its investments, including its investments in Upsilon RFO and Medici, at fair value. The Company does not have, has not previously had, and does not expect to have, a material investment in Upsilon Diversified. In addition, the Company expects its absolute and relative ownership in Upsilon Diversified to remain minimal. Other than its current equity investment in Upsilon Diversified, the Company has not provided

financial or other support to Upsilon Diversified that it was not contractually required to provide. The total assets of Upsilon Diversified principally reflect its investment in Upsilon RFO.

2024

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and following the release of collateral from Upsilon RFO, Upsilon Diversified returned $90.0 million of capital to investors. The fair value of the Company’s indirect equity ownership in Upsilon Diversified is included in investments in other ventures and was $0.7 million at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $0.8 million). At March 31, 2024, the total assets and total liabilities of Upsilon Diversified were $485.3 million and $36.5 million, respectively (December 31, 2023 - $600.8 million and $108.0 million, respectively). Upsilon Diversified’s investment in Upsilon RFO was valued at $484.3 million at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $503.1 million).

2023

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and following the release of collateral from Upsilon RFO, Upsilon Diversified returned $134.7 million of capital to investors. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, Upsilon Diversified did not issue non-voting preference shares to investors.

NOC1

NOC1 is a segregated account of Upsilon Fund formed in the second quarter of 2023, that provides a fund structure through which investors can invest in a portfolio of insurance-linked securities, principally catastrophe bonds. The Company concluded that NOC1 meets the definition of a VIE as the voting rights are not proportional with the obligations to absorb losses and rights to receive residual returns. The Company evaluated its relationship with NOC1 and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of NOC1, as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to NOC1, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of NOC1. The Company does not have, and does not expect to have, a material investment in NOC 1 and expects its absolute and relative ownership in NOC1 to remain minimal. Other than its current equity investment in NOC1, the Company has not provided financial or other support to NOC1 that it was not contractually required to provide.

2024

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, investors subscribed for $20.0 million of non-voting preference shares. The fair value of the Company’s indirect equity ownership in NOC1 is included in investments in other ventures and was $2.0 million at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $1.7 million). At March 31, 2024, the total assets and total liabilities of NOC1 were $201.8 million and $1.5 million, respectively (December 31, 2023 - $196.5 million and $22.8 million, respectively).

Vermeer

Vermeer provides capacity focused on risk remote layers in the U.S. property catastrophe market. Refer to “Note 8. Noncontrolling Interests” for additional information regarding Vermeer.

At March 31, 2024, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included total assets and total liabilities of Vermeer of $1.9 billion and $436.0 million, respectively (December 31, 2023 - $1.7 billion and $102.7 million, respectively). In addition, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included redeemable noncontrolling interests associated with Vermeer of $1.4 billion at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $1.6 billion).

Fontana

Fontana provides reinsurance capacity focused on business written within the Company’s Casualty and Specialty segment. Refer to “Note 8. Noncontrolling Interests” for additional information regarding Fontana.

At March 31, 2024, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included total assets and total liabilities of Fontana of $1.7 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively (December 31, 2023 - $1.5 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively). In addition, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included redeemable noncontrolling

interests associated with Fontana of $451.4 million at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $353.8 million).

Mona Lisa Re Ltd.

Mona Lisa Re Ltd. (“Mona Lisa Re”), a Bermuda domiciled special purpose insurer (“SPI”), provides reinsurance capacity to subsidiaries of RenaissanceRe through reinsurance agreements which are collateralized and funded by Mona Lisa Re through the issuance of one or more series of principal-at-risk variable rate notes to third-party investors.

Upon issuance of a series of notes by Mona Lisa Re, all of the proceeds from the issuance are deposited into collateral accounts, separated by series, to fund any potential obligation under the reinsurance agreements entered into with Renaissance Reinsurance and/or DaVinci Reinsurance underlying such series of notes. The outstanding principal amount of each series of notes generally will be returned to holders of such notes upon the expiration of the risk period underlying such notes, unless an event occurs which causes a loss under the applicable series of notes, in which case the amount returned will be reduced by such noteholder’s pro rata share of such loss, as specified in the applicable governing documents of such notes. In addition, holders of such notes are generally entitled to interest payments, payable quarterly, as determined by the applicable governing documents of each series of notes.

The Company concluded that Mona Lisa Re meets the definition of a VIE as it does not have sufficient equity capital to finance its activities. The Company evaluated its relationship with Mona Lisa Re and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of Mona Lisa Re as it does not have the power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Mona Lisa Re, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the financial position and results of operations of Mona Lisa Re are not consolidated by the Company.

The only transactions related to Mona Lisa Re that are recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements are the ceded reinsurance agreements entered into by Renaissance Reinsurance and DaVinci Reinsurance which are accounted for as prospective reinsurance under FASB ASC Topic 944, Financial Services - Insurance, and the fair value of the principal-at-risk variable rate notes owned by the Company. Other than its investment in the principal-at-risk variable rate notes of Mona Lisa Re, the Company has not provided financial or other support to Mona Lisa Re that it was not contractually required to provide.

Renaissance Reinsurance and DaVinci Reinsurance have together entered into ceded reinsurance contracts with Mona Lisa Re with ceded premiums written of $18.9 million and $4.7 million, respectively, during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (2023 - $18.3 million and $4.6 million, respectively). In addition, Renaissance Reinsurance and DaVinci Reinsurance recognized ceded premiums earned related to the ceded reinsurance contracts with Mona Lisa Re of $8.3 million and $2.1 million, respectively, during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (2023 - $7.7 million and $2.0 million, respectively).

Effective January 10, 2023, Mona Lisa Re issued two series of principal-at-risk variable rate notes to investors for principal amounts of $85.0 million and $100.0 million.

At March 31, 2024, the total assets and total liabilities of Mona Lisa Re were $451.7 million and $451.7 million, respectively (December 31, 2023 - $436.9 million and $436.9 million, respectively).

The fair value of the Company’s investment in the principal-at-risk variable rate notes of Mona Lisa Re is included in other investments. Net of third-party investors, the fair value of the Company’s investment in Mona Lisa Re was $1.1 million at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $2.2 million).

Tailwind Re Ltd.

Tailwind Re Ltd. (“Tailwind Re”), a Bermuda domiciled SPI provides reinsurance capacity to Validus through reinsurance agreements which are collateralized and funded by Tailwind Re through the issuance of one or more series of principal-at-risk variable rate notes to third-party investors and the Company.

Upon issuance of a series of notes by Tailwind Re, all of the proceeds from the issuance are deposited into collateral accounts, separated by series, to fund any potential obligation under the reinsurance agreements entered into with Validus underlying such series of notes. The outstanding principal amount of each series of notes generally will be returned to holders of such notes upon the expiration of the risk period underlying such notes, unless an event occurs which causes a loss under the applicable series of notes, in which case

the amount returned will be reduced by such noteholder’s pro rata share of such loss, as specified in the applicable governing documents of such notes. In addition, holders of such notes are generally entitled to interest payments, payable quarterly, as determined by the applicable governing documents of each series of notes.

The Company concluded that Tailwind Re meets the definition of a VIE as it does not have sufficient equity capital to finance its activities. The Company evaluated its relationship with Tailwind Re and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of Tailwind Re as it does not have the power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Tailwind Re, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the financial position and results of operations of Tailwind Re are not consolidated by the Company.

The only transactions related to Tailwind Re that are recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements are the ceded reinsurance agreements entered into by Validus, which are accounted for as prospective reinsurance under FASB ASC Topic 944, Financial Services - Insurance, and, as at December 31, 2023, the fair value of the principal-at-risk variable rate notes owned by the Company. Other than its investment in the principal-at-risk variable rate notes of Tailwind Re, which were held as at December 31, 2023 but were fully redeemed in the first quarter of 2024, the Company has not provided financial or other support to Tailwind Re that it was not contractually required to provide.

Validus has entered into ceded reinsurance contracts with Tailwind Re with ceded premiums written of $42.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. In addition, Validus recognized ceded premiums earned related to the ceded reinsurance contracts with Tailwind Re of $10.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. At March 31, 2024, the total assets and total liabilities of Tailwind Re were $416.7 million and $416.7 million, respectively (December 31, 2023 - $417.1 million and $417.1 million, respectively).

The fair value of the Company’s investment in the principal-at-risk variable rate notes of Tailwind Re is included in other investments. Net of third-party investors, the fair value of the Company’s investment in Tailwind Re was $Nil at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $0.8 million).

AlphaCat

In connection with the Validus Acquisition, the Company acquired AlphaCat Managers Ltd. (“AlphaCat Managers”), which manages third-party capital in various forms, including through closed-end and open-end Bermuda mutual funds and one managed account (collectively, the “AlphaCat Funds”), which currently generates fee income. The AlphaCat Funds are primarily funded by third-party capital investors and controlled by external boards unaffiliated with the Company. The AlphaCat Funds are invested in various risk-linked instruments through variable funding notes issued by AlphaCat Reinsurance Ltd. (“AlphaCat Re”), AlphaCat Master Fund Ltd. and OmegaCat Reinsurance Ltd. (“OmegaCat Re”), which give investors access to a range of property catastrophe risks. Prior to the Validus Acquisition, substantially all of the AlphaCat Funds had received full redemption requests from their investors and capital was being released accordingly, subject to certain constraints. The Company expects to run off the business over a period of time.

The Company concluded that the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re meet the definition of VIEs as the voting rights are not proportional with the obligations to absorb losses and rights to receive residual returns.

The Company evaluated its relationship with the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re. The Company has not provided financial or other support to the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re that it was not contractually required to provide. The total assets of the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re principally reflect their investments in OmegaCat Re and AlphaCat Re.

The fair value of the Company’s direct equity ownership in the AlphaCat Funds and AlphaCat Re is included in other investments and was $4.9 million at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $4.4 million). At

March 31, 2024, the total assets and total liabilities of the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re were $4.7 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively (December 31, 2023 - $5.0 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively).

Fund Investments

The Company’s fund investments represent variable interests in limited partnerships entities with unaffiliated fund managers in the normal course of business. Refer to “Note 4. Fair Value Measurements” for additional information.

NOTE 10. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Dividends

The Board of Directors of RenaissanceRe declared quarterly dividends of $0.39 per common share, payable to common shareholders of record on March 15, 2024, and the Company paid the dividends on March 29, 2024.

The Board of Directors approved the payment of quarterly dividends on each of the series of RenaissanceRe’s preference shares to preference shareholders of record in the amounts and on the quarterly record dates and dividend payment dates set forth in the prospectus supplement and Certificate of Designation for the applicable series of preference shares, unless and until further action is taken by the Board of Directors. The dividend payment dates for the preference shares will be the first day of March, June, September and December of each year (or if this date is not a business day, on the business day immediately following this date). The record dates for the preference share dividends are one day prior to the dividend payment dates.

The amount of the dividend on the 5.750% Series F Preference Shares is an amount per share equal to 5.750% of the liquidation preference per annum (the equivalent to $1,437.50 per 5.750% Series F Preference Share per annum, or $359.375 per 5.750% Series F Preference Share per quarter, or $1.4375 per Depositary Share per annum, or $0.359375 per Depositary Share per quarter). The amount of the dividend on the 4.20% Series G Preference Shares is an amount per share equal to 4.20% of the liquidation preference per annum (the equivalent to $1,050 per 4.20% Series G Preference Share per annum, or $262.50 per 4.20% Series G Preference Share per quarter, or $1.05 per Depositary Share per annum, or $0.2625 per quarter).

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company paid $8.8 million in preference share dividends (2023 - $8.8 million) and $20.5 million in common share dividends (2023 - $16.6 million).

Share Repurchases

The Company’s share repurchase program may be effected from time to time, depending on market conditions and other factors, through open market purchases and privately negotiated transactions. On August 2, 2022, RenaissanceRe’s Board of Directors approved a renewal of its authorized share repurchase program for an aggregate amount of up to $500.0 million. Unless terminated earlier by RenaissanceRe’s Board of Directors, the program will expire when the Company has repurchased the full value of the common shares authorized. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company did not repurchase common shares. At March 31, 2024, $500.0 million remained available for repurchase under the share repurchase program. In the future, the Company may authorize additional purchase activities under the currently authorized share repurchase program, increase the amount authorized under the share repurchase program, or adopt additional trading plans. The Company’s decision to repurchase common shares will depend on, among other matters, the market price of the common shares and the capital requirements of the Company.

NOTE 11. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share:



	Three months ended
(common shares in thousands)	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Numerator:
Net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders	$	364,798	$	564,062
Amount allocated to participating common shareholders (1)	(5,273)		(8,854)
Net income (loss) allocated to RenaissanceRe common shareholders	$	359,525	$	555,208
Denominator:
Denominator for basic income (loss) per RenaissanceRe common share - weighted average common shares (2)	51,678		42,876
Per common share equivalents of non-vested shares (2)	150		130
Denominator for diluted income (loss) per RenaissanceRe common share - adjusted weighted average common shares and assumed conversions (2)	51,828		43,006
Net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders per common share – basic	$	6.96	$	12.95
Net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders per common share – diluted	$	6.94	$	12.91

(1)Represents earnings and dividends attributable to holders of unvested shares issued pursuant to the Company’s stock compensation plans.

(2)In periods for which the Company has net loss allocated to RenaissanceRe common shareholders, the denominator used in calculating net loss attributable to RenaissanceRe common shareholders per common share - basic is also used in calculating net loss attributable to RenaissanceRe common shareholders per common share - diluted.

NOTE 12. SEGMENT REPORTING

The Company’s reportable segments are defined as follows: (1) Property, which is comprised of catastrophe and other property (re)insurance written on behalf of the Company’s consolidated operating subsidiaries, joint ventures and managed funds, and (2) Casualty and Specialty, which is comprised of casualty and specialty (re)insurance written on behalf of the Company’s consolidated operating subsidiaries, joint ventures and managed funds. In addition to its reportable segments, the Company has an Other category, which primarily includes its investments unit, strategic investments, corporate expenses, capital servicing costs, noncontrolling interests and certain expenses related to acquisitions and dispositions.

The Company does not manage its assets by segment; accordingly, net investment income and total assets are not allocated to the segments.

A summary of the significant components of the Company’s revenues and expenses by segment is as follows:



Three months ended March 31, 2024	Property			Casualty and Specialty			Other		Total
Gross premiums written	$	1,889,881		$	2,100,803		$	—	$	3,990,684
Net premiums written	$	1,397,618		$	1,801,955		$	—	$	3,199,573
Net premiums earned	$	936,083		$	1,507,827		$	—	$	2,443,910
Net claims and claim expenses incurred	154,249			1,011,874			—		1,166,123
Acquisition expenses	185,782			445,139			—		630,921
Operational expenses	61,624			44,560			—		106,184
Underwriting income (loss)	$	534,428		$	6,254		$	—	540,682
Net investment income							390,775		390,775
Net foreign exchange gains (losses)							(35,683)		(35,683)
Equity in earnings of other ventures							14,127		14,127
Other income (loss)							(50)		(50)
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments							(213,654)		(213,654)

Corporate expenses							(39,252)		(39,252)
Interest expense							(23,104)		(23,104)
Income (loss) before taxes and redeemable noncontrolling interests									633,841
Income tax benefit (expense)							(15,372)		(15,372)

Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests							(244,827)		(244,827)
Dividends on preference shares							(8,844)		(8,844)
Net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders									$	364,798

Net claims and claim expenses incurred – current accident year	$	248,916		$	1,014,288		$	—	$	1,263,204
Net claims and claim expenses incurred – prior accident years	(94,667)			(2,414)			—		(97,081)
Net claims and claim expenses incurred – total	$	154,249		$	1,011,874		$	—	$	1,166,123

Net claims and claim expense ratio – current accident year	26.6		%	67.3		%			51.7		%
Net claims and claim expense ratio – prior accident years	(10.1)		%	(0.2)		%			(4.0)		%
Net claims and claim expense ratio – calendar year	16.5		%	67.1		%			47.7		%
Underwriting expense ratio	26.4		%	32.5		%			30.2		%
Combined ratio	42.9		%	99.6		%			77.9		%



Three months ended March 31, 2023	Property			Casualty and Specialty			Other		Total
Gross premiums written	$	1,304,199		$	1,486,062		$	—	$	2,790,261
Net premiums written	$	1,019,829		$	1,243,874		$	—	$	2,263,703
Net premiums earned	$	687,420		$	993,130		$	—	$	1,680,550
Net claims and claim expenses incurred	187,609			613,591			—		801,200
Acquisition expenses	145,319			286,938			—		432,257
Operational expenses	55,813			21,661			—		77,474
Underwriting income (loss)	$	298,679		$	70,940		$	—	369,619
Net investment income							254,378		254,378
Net foreign exchange gains (losses)							(14,503)		(14,503)
Equity in earnings of other ventures							9,530		9,530
Other income (loss)							(4,306)		(4,306)
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments							279,451		279,451

Corporate expenses							(12,843)		(12,843)
Interest expense							(12,134)		(12,134)
Income (loss) before taxes and redeemable noncontrolling interests									869,192
Income tax benefit (expense)							(28,902)		(28,902)

Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests							(267,384)		(267,384)
Dividends on preference shares							(8,844)		(8,844)
Net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders									$	564,062

Net claims and claim expenses incurred – current accident year	$	269,302		$	636,650		$	—	$	905,952
Net claims and claim expenses incurred – prior accident years	(81,693)			(23,059)			—		(104,752)
Net claims and claim expenses incurred – total	$	187,609		$	613,591		$	—	$	801,200

Net claims and claim expense ratio – current accident year	39.2		%	64.1		%			53.9		%
Net claims and claim expense ratio – prior accident years	(11.9)		%	(2.3)		%			(6.2)		%
Net claims and claim expense ratio – calendar year	27.3		%	61.8		%			47.7		%
Underwriting expense ratio	29.3		%	31.1		%			30.3		%
Combined ratio	56.6		%	92.9		%			78.0		%

NOTE 13. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

From time to time, the Company may enter into derivative instruments such as futures, options, swaps, forward contracts and other derivative contracts primarily to manage its foreign currency exposure, obtain exposure to a particular financial market, for yield enhancement, or for trading and to assume or hedge risk. The Company’s derivative instruments can be exchange traded or over-the-counter, with over-the-counter derivatives generally traded under International Swaps and Derivatives Association master agreements, which establish the terms of the transactions entered into with the Company’s derivative counterparties. In the event a party becomes insolvent or otherwise defaults on its obligations, a master agreement generally permits the non-defaulting party to accelerate and terminate all outstanding transactions and net the transactions’ marked-to-market values so that a single sum in a single currency will be owed by, or owed to, the non-defaulting party. Effectively, this contractual close-out netting reduces credit exposure from gross to net exposure. Where the Company has entered into master netting agreements with counterparties, or the Company has the legal and contractual right to offset positions, the derivative positions are generally netted by counterparty and are reported accordingly in other assets and other liabilities.

The Company is not aware of the existence of any credit-risk related contingent features that it believes would be triggered in its derivative instruments that are in a net liability position at March 31, 2024.

The tables below show the gross and net amounts of recognized derivative assets and liabilities at fair value, including the location on the consolidated balance sheets of the Company’s principal derivative instruments:



	Derivative Assets
At March 31, 2024	Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets		Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheet		Net Amounts of Assets Presented in the Balance Sheet		Balance Sheet Location	Collateral Received		Net Amount
Derivative instruments not designated as hedges
Interest rate futures	$	1,879	$	—	$	1,879	Other assets	$	—	$	1,879

Foreign currency forward contracts (1)	3,845		—		3,845		Other assets	—		3,845
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	16		—		16		Other assets	—		16

Credit default swaps	243		—		243		Other assets	—		243



Commodity options	1,642		—		1,642		Other assets	—		1,642
Total derivative instruments not designated as hedges	7,625		—		7,625			—		7,625
Derivative instruments designated as hedges
Foreign currency forward contracts (3)	491		—		491		Other assets	—		491

Total	$	8,116	$	—	$	8,116		$	—	$	8,116



	Derivative Liabilities
At March 31, 2024	Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities		Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheet		Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Balance Sheet		Balance Sheet Location	Collateral Pledged		Net Amount
Derivative instruments not designated as hedges
Interest rate futures	$	83	$	—	$	83	Other liabilities	$	83	$	—

Foreign currency forward contracts (1)	5,183		—		5,183		Other liabilities	3,150		2,033
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	2,344		—		2,344		Other liabilities	—		2,344

Credit default swaps	1,357		—		1,357		Other liabilities	1,357		—


Commodity options	1,636		—		1,636		Other liabilities	—		1,636

Total derivative instruments not designated as hedges	10,603		—		10,603			4,590		6,013



Total	$	10,603	$	—	$	10,603		$	4,590	$	6,013

(1)Contracts used to manage foreign currency risks in underwriting and non-investment operations.

(2)Contracts used to manage foreign currency risks in investment operations.

(3)Contracts designated as hedges of net investments in a foreign operation.



	Derivative Assets
At December 31, 2023	Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets		Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheet		Net Amounts of Assets Presented in the Balance Sheet		Balance Sheet Location	Collateral Received		Net Amount
Derivative instruments not designated as hedges
Interest rate futures	$	13,162	$	—	$	13,162	Other assets	$	—	$	13,162

Foreign currency forward contracts (1)	16,827		—		16,827		Other assets	—		16,827
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	10,448		—		10,448		Other assets	—		10,448


Credit default swaps	749		—		749		Other assets	—		749
Commodity options	3,538		—		3,538		Other assets	—		3,538

Total derivative instruments not designated as hedges	44,724		—		44,724			—		44,724



Total	$	44,724	$	—	$	44,724		$	—	$	44,724



	Derivative Liabilities
At December 31, 2023	Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities		Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheet		Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Balance Sheet		Balance Sheet Location	Collateral Pledged		Net Amount
Derivative instruments not designated as hedges
Interest rate futures	$	5,768	$	—	$	5,768	Other liabilities	$	5,720	$	48

Foreign currency forward contracts (1)	11,890		—		11,890		Other liabilities	—		11,890
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	2,603		—		2,603		Other liabilities	—		2,603


Credit default swaps	1,248		—		1,248		Other liabilities	1,248		—
Commodity options	3,162		—		3,162		Other liabilities	—		3,162
Commodity futures	1,441		—		1,441		Other liabilities	—		1,441
Total derivative instruments not designated as hedges	26,112		—		26,112			6,968		19,144
Derivative instruments designated as hedges
Foreign currency forward contracts (3)	3,879		—		3,879		Other liabilities	—		3,879
Total	$	29,991	$	—	$	29,991		$	6,968	$	23,023

(1)Contracts used to manage foreign currency risks in underwriting and non-investment operations.

(2)Contracts used to manage foreign currency risks in investment operations.

(3)Contracts designated as hedges of net investments in a foreign operation.

The location and amount of the gain (loss) recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations related to its principal derivative instruments are shown in the following table:



	Location of gain (loss) recognized on derivatives	Amount of gain (loss) recognized on derivatives
Three months ended March 31,		2024		2023
Derivative instruments not designated as hedges
Interest rate futures (1)	Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments	$	(55,280)	$	25,483

Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	Net foreign exchange gains (losses)	(4,481)		4,745
Foreign currency forward contracts (3)	Net foreign exchange gains (losses)	(15,966)		(3,680)

Credit default swaps (1)	Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments	(21,304)		(11,954)

Equity futures (4)	Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments	—		(1,367)

Commodity options	Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments	(370)		—
Commodity futures	Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments	19,148		—
Total derivative instruments not designated as hedges		(78,253)		13,227
Derivative instruments designated as hedges
Foreign currency forward contracts (5)	Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	2,854		948

Total		$	(75,399)	$	14,175

(1)Fixed income related derivatives included in net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investment-related derivatives. See “Note 3. Investments” for additional information.

(2)Contracts used to manage foreign currency risks in underwriting and non-investment operations.

(3)Contracts used to manage foreign currency risks in investment operations.

(4)Equity related derivatives included in net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investment-related derivatives. See “Note 3. Investments” for additional information.

(5)Contracts designated as hedges of net investments in a foreign operation.

Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedges

Interest Rate Derivatives

The Company uses interest rate futures and swaps within its portfolio of fixed maturity investments to manage its exposure to interest rate risk, which may result in increasing or decreasing its exposure to this risk.

Interest Rate Futures

The fair value of interest rate futures is determined using exchange traded prices. At March 31, 2024, the Company had $5.2 billion of notional long positions and $2.7 billion of notional short positions of primarily U.S. treasury and Eurozone government bond futures contracts (December 31, 2023 - $5.9 billion and $2.7 billion, respectively, of primarily U.S. treasury and Eurozone government bond futures contracts).

Foreign Currency Derivatives

The Company’s functional currency is the U.S. dollar. The Company writes a portion of its business in currencies other than U.S. dollars and may, from time to time, experience foreign exchange gains and losses in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The impact of changes in exchange rates on the Company’s assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, excluding non-monetary assets and liabilities, are recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Underwriting and Non-investments Operations Related Foreign Currency Contracts

The Company’s foreign currency policy with regard to its underwriting operations is generally to enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts for notional values that approximate the foreign currency liabilities, including claims and claim expense reserves and reinsurance balances payable, net of any cash, investments and receivables held in the respective foreign currency. The Company’s use of foreign currency forward and option contracts is intended to minimize the effect of fluctuating foreign currencies on the value of non-U.S. dollar denominated assets and liabilities associated with its underwriting operations. The Company may determine not to match a portion of its projected underwriting related assets or liabilities with underlying foreign currency exposure with investments in the same currencies, which would increase its exposure to foreign currency fluctuations and potentially increase the impact and volatility of foreign exchange gains and losses on its results of operations. The fair value of the Company’s underwriting operations related foreign currency contracts is determined using indicative pricing obtained from counterparties or broker quotes. At March 31, 2024, the Company had outstanding underwriting related foreign currency contracts of $379.8 million in notional long positions and $384.4 million in notional short positions, denominated in U.S. dollars (December 31, 2023 - $805.2 million and $496.4 million, respectively).

Investment Portfolio Related Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

The Company’s investment operations are exposed to currency fluctuations through its investments in non-U.S. dollar fixed maturity investments, short term investments and other investments. From time to time, the Company may employ foreign currency forward contracts in its investment portfolio to either assume foreign currency risk or to economically hedge its exposure to currency fluctuations from these investments. The fair value of the Company’s investment portfolio related foreign currency forward contracts is determined using an interpolated rate based on closing forward market rates. At March 31, 2024, the Company had outstanding investment portfolio related foreign currency contracts of $297.7 million in notional long positions and $100.2 million in notional short positions, denominated in U.S. dollars (December 31, 2023 - $420.7 million and $130.0 million, respectively).

Credit Derivatives

The Company’s exposure to credit risk is primarily due to its fixed maturity investments, short term investments, premiums receivable and reinsurance recoverable. From time to time, the Company may purchase credit derivatives to manage its exposures in the insurance industry, and to assist in managing the credit risk associated with ceded reinsurance. The Company also employs credit derivatives in its investment portfolio to either assume credit risk or manage its credit exposure.

Credit Default Swaps

The fair value of the Company’s credit default swaps is determined using industry valuation models, broker bid indications or internal pricing valuation techniques. The fair value of these credit default swaps can change based on a variety of factors including changes in credit spreads, default rates and recovery rates, the correlation of credit risk between the referenced credit and the counterparty, and market rate inputs such as interest rates. At March 31, 2024, the Company had outstanding credit default swaps of $1.5 billion in notional positions to hedge credit risk and $12.5 million in notional positions to assume credit risk, denominated in U.S. dollars (December 31, 2023 - $1.5 billion and $22.1 million, respectively).

Equity Derivatives

Equity Futures

From time to time, the Company uses equity derivatives in its investment portfolio to either assume equity risk or hedge its equity exposure. The fair value of the Company’s equity futures is determined using market-based prices from pricing vendors. At March 31, 2024, the Company had no notional positions of equity futures, denominated in U.S. dollars (December 31, 2023 - no notional position).

Commodity Derivatives

The Company uses commodity derivatives within its investments portfolio of fixed maturity investments to manage its exposures in the insurance industry, and to assist in managing the market risk associated with ceded reinsurance. Commodity derivatives expose the Company to potentially unfavorable price changes to the underlying commodities.

Commodity Futures

The fair value of the Company’s commodity futures is determined using market-based prices from pricing vendors. At March 31, 2024, the Company had a $374.0 million notional long position of commodity futures, denominated in U.S. dollars (December 31, 2023 - $255.2 million notional long position).

Commodity Options

An option contract provides its owner the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell specified amounts of a commodity at a contracted price during a specified period or on a specified date. The maximum risk of loss to the Company is the fair value of the contracts and the premiums paid to purchase its open options. The fair value of these derivatives is determined using market-based prices from pricing vendors. At March 31, 2024, the Company had $44.0 thousand of notional long positions and $nil of notional short positions of exchange traded commodity option contracts (December 31, 2023 - $0.4 million and $nil, respectively).

Derivative Instruments Designated as Hedges of Net Investments in Foreign Operations

Foreign Currency Derivatives

Hedges of Net Investments in Foreign Operations

One of the Company’s subsidiaries currently uses a non-U.S. dollar functional currency. The Company, from time to time, enters into foreign exchange forwards to hedge non-U.S. dollar functional currencies, on an after-tax basis, from changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and these currencies.

As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, this included the Australian dollar net investment in a foreign operation. These foreign exchange forward contracts were formally designated as hedges of its investment in subsidiaries with non-U.S. dollar functional currencies and there was no ineffectiveness in these transactions.

The table below provides a summary of derivative instruments designated as hedges of net investments in a foreign operation, including the weighted average U.S. dollar equivalent of foreign denominated net (liabilities) assets that were hedged and the resulting derivative gains (losses) that are recorded in foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax, within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the Company’s consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity:



	Three months ended
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Weighted average of U.S. dollar equivalent of foreign denominated net assets (liabilities)	$	62,867	$	60,342
Derivative gains (losses) (1)	$	2,854	$	948

(1)Derivative gains (losses) from derivative instruments designated as hedges of the net investment in a foreign operation are recorded in foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax, within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the Company’s consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity.

NOTE 14. COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND OTHER ITEMS

There are no material changes from the commitments, contingencies and other items previously disclosed in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Legal Proceedings

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to lawsuits and regulatory actions in the normal course of business that do not arise from or directly relate to claims on reinsurance treaties or contracts or direct surplus lines insurance policies. In the Company’s industry, business litigation may involve allegations of underwriting or claims-handling errors or misconduct, disputes relating to the scope of, or compliance with, the terms of delegated underwriting agreements, employment claims, regulatory actions or disputes arising from the Company’s business ventures. The Company’s operating subsidiaries are subject to claims litigation involving, among other things, disputed interpretations of policy coverages. Generally, the Company’s direct surplus lines insurance operations are subject to greater frequency and diversity of claims and claims-related litigation than its reinsurance operations and, in some jurisdictions, may be subject to direct actions by allegedly injured persons or entities seeking damages from policyholders. These lawsuits, involving or arising out of claims on policies issued by the Company’s subsidiaries which are typical to the insurance industry in general and in the normal course of business, are considered in its loss and loss expense reserves. In addition, the Company may from time to time engage in litigation or arbitration related to its claims for payment in respect of ceded reinsurance, including disputes that challenge the Company’s ability to enforce its underwriting intent. Such matters could result, directly or indirectly, in providers of protection not meeting their obligations to the Company or not doing so on a timely basis. The Company may also be subject to other disputes from time to time, relating to operational or other matters distinct from insurance or reinsurance claims. Any litigation or arbitration, or regulatory process contains an element of uncertainty, and the value of an exposure or a gain contingency related to a dispute is difficult to estimate. The Company believes that no individual litigation or arbitration to which it is presently a party is likely to have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, business or operations.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following is a discussion and analysis of our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, as well as our liquidity and capital resources at March 31, 2024. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this filing and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. This filing contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from the results described or implied by these forward-looking statements. See “Note on Forward-Looking Statements.”

On November 1, 2023, we completed the Validus Acquisition, pursuant to which we acquired Validus Holdings and Validus Specialty. We accounted for the Validus Acquisition under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations.

Our results of operations and financial condition include Validus since November 1, 2023. The following discussion and analysis of our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, as well as our financial condition, liquidity and capital resources at March 31, 2024, should be read in that context.

In this Form 10-Q, references to “RenaissanceRe” refer to RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd. (the parent company) and references to “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” refer to RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd. together with its subsidiaries, unless the context requires otherwise. Defined terms used throughout this Form 10-Q are included in the “Glossary of Defined Terms” at the beginning of this Form 10-Q.

All dollar amounts referred to in this Form 10-Q are in U.S. dollars unless otherwise indicated.

Due to rounding, numbers presented in the tables included in this Form 10-Q may not add up precisely to the totals provided.

INDEX TO MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


			Page
OVERVIEW			54
SUMMARY OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES			56
SUMMARY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS			57
FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES			70
Financial Condition			70
Liquidity and Cash Flows			70
Capital Resources			76
Reserve for Claims and Claim Expenses			78
Investments			79
Ratings			81
SUPPLEMENTAL GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION			82

CURRENT OUTLOOK			84

OVERVIEW

RenaissanceRe is a global provider of reinsurance and insurance that specializes in matching desirable risk with efficient capital. We provide property, casualty and specialty reinsurance and certain insurance solutions to customers, principally through intermediaries. Established in 1993, we have offices in Bermuda, Australia, Canada, Ireland, Singapore, Switzerland, the U.K., and the U.S. We are one of the world’s leading providers of property, casualty and specialty reinsurance solutions.

Our mission is to match desirable risk with efficient capital to achieve our vision of being the best underwriter. We believe that this will allow us to produce superior returns for our shareholders over the long term, and to enable our purpose of protecting communities and enabling prosperity. We seek to accomplish these goals by (i) being a trusted, long-term partner to our customers for assessing and managing risk, (ii) delivering responsive and innovative solutions, (iii) leveraging our core capabilities of risk assessment and information management, (iv) investing in these core capabilities in order to serve our customers across market cycles, and (v) keeping our promises.

Our core products include property, casualty and specialty reinsurance, and certain insurance products, principally distributed through intermediaries with whom we have cultivated strong long-term relationships. Our business consists of the following reportable segments: (1) Property, which is comprised of catastrophe and other property (re)insurance, and (2) Casualty and Specialty, which is comprised of general casualty, professional liability, credit and other specialty (re)insurance. The underwriting results of our consolidated operating subsidiaries and underwriting platforms are included in our Property and Casualty and Specialty segment results as appropriate.

Our strategy focuses on operating as an integrated system of three competitive advantages: superior risk selection, superior customer relationships and superior capital management. We provide value to our customers and partners in the form of financial security, innovative products, and responsive service. We are known as a leader in paying valid claims promptly.

We have three principal drivers of profit that generate diversified earnings streams for our business - underwriting income, fee income, and investment income. Underwriting income is the income that we earn from our core underwriting business. By accepting the volatility that this business brings, we believe that we can generate superior long-term returns and achieve our vision. Fee income is the income that we earn primarily from managing third-party capital in our Capital Partners unit and is composed of management fee income and performance fee income. Investment income is income derived from the investment portfolio that we maintain to support our business. We take a disciplined approach in building a relatively conservative, well-structured investment portfolio with a focus on fixed income investments. Compared to underwriting income, we view fee income, in particular management fee income, and investment income, as relatively stable, less volatile, and capital efficient sources of income.

We principally measure our financial success through long-term growth in tangible book value per common share plus the change in accumulated dividends. We believe this metric is the most appropriate measure of our financial performance, and in respect of which we believe we have delivered superior performance over time.

Our current business strategy focuses predominantly on writing reinsurance. We also write excess and surplus lines insurance through delegated authority arrangements, and typically underwrite insurance risks in portfolio form. Additionally, we pursue a number of other opportunities, such as creating and managing our joint ventures and managed funds, executing customized reinsurance transactions to assume or cede risk, and managing certain strategic investments. We continually explore appropriate and efficient ways to address the risk management needs of our clients and the impact of various regulatory and legislative changes on our operations. From time to time we consider diversification into new ventures, either through organic growth, the formation of new joint ventures or managed funds, or the acquisition of, or the investment in, other companies or books of business of other companies.

Revenues and Expenses

Our revenues are principally derived from three sources: (1) net premiums earned from the reinsurance and insurance policies we sell; (2) net investment income and net realized and unrealized gains from the investment of our capital funds and the investment of the cash we receive on the policies which we sell; and (3) fees received from our joint ventures, managed funds and structured reinsurance products, which are primarily reflected in redeemable noncontrolling interest or as an offset to acquisition or operational expenses.

Our expenses primarily consist of: (1) net claims and claim expenses incurred on the policies of reinsurance and insurance we sell; (2) acquisition costs, which typically represent a percentage of the premiums we write; (3) operational expenses, which primarily consist of personnel expenses, rent and other expenses; (4) corporate expenses, which include certain executive, legal and consulting expenses, costs for research and development, transaction and integration-related expenses, and other miscellaneous costs, including those associated with operating as a publicly traded company; and (5) interest and dividends related to our debt and preference shares. We are also subject to taxes in certain jurisdictions in which we operate. Historically, the majority of our income has been earned in Bermuda, which did not have a corporate income tax, so the tax impact to our operations has been minimal. However, on December 27, 2023, the Government of Bermuda announced the implementation of a 15% corporate income tax effective January 1, 2025. We expect that this development, along with the implementation of the OECD’s Pillar Two regime in the jurisdictions in which we operate, will increase our income taxes in the future. We believe that the flexible global operating model that we have utilized will continue to prove resilient.

The underwriting results of an insurance or reinsurance company are discussed frequently by reference to its net claims and claim expense ratio, underwriting expense ratio, and combined ratio. The net claims and claim expense ratio is calculated by dividing net claims and claim expenses incurred by net premiums earned. The underwriting expense ratio is calculated by dividing underwriting expenses (acquisition expenses and operational expenses) by net premiums earned. The combined ratio is the sum of the net claims and claim expense ratio and the underwriting expense ratio. A combined ratio below 100% indicates profitable underwriting prior to the consideration of investment income. A combined ratio over 100% indicates unprofitable underwriting prior to the consideration of investment income. We also discuss our net claims and claim expense ratio on a current accident year basis and a prior accident years basis. The current accident year net claims and claim expense ratio is calculated by taking current accident year net claims and claim expenses incurred, divided by net premiums earned. The prior accident years net claims and claim expense ratio is calculated by taking prior accident years net claims and claim expenses incurred, divided by net premiums earned.

We manage DaVinci, Fontana, Medici, and Vermeer, and own all, or a majority, of the voting interests, but own no, or a minority, economic interest of each. As a result of our controlling voting interests, we fully consolidate these entities in our financial statements, even though we do not retain the full value of the economic outcomes generated by these entities. The portions of the economic outcomes that are not retained by us are ultimately allocated to the third-party investors who hold the noncontrolling interests in these entities. The economic outcomes may include underwriting results, investments results, and foreign exchange impacts, among other items. For example, if one of these entities were to generate underwriting losses due to a natural catastrophe, the full amount would be reflected in net income (loss) on our consolidated statements of operations, but ultimately we would only retain a portion of that amount in our net income (loss) attributable to RenaissanceRe. In the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of operations, the portion of these items attributable to third parties is reflected in “Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests” line item. Refer to “Note 8. Noncontrolling Interests” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information regarding our redeemable noncontrolling interests and how this accounting treatment impacts the Company’s financial results.

Effects of Inflation

General economic inflation has increased over the past few years compared to recent historical norms, and there is a risk of inflation remaining elevated for an extended period, which could cause claims and claims related expenses to increase, impact the performance of our investment portfolio, or have other adverse

effects. This risk may be exacerbated by geopolitical factors and global supply chain issues, among other factors, from time to time. Many central banks have raised interest rates, which could act as a countervailing force against some of these inflationary pressures, but this could be partially offset if some central banks begin to cut rates too soon. The actual effects of the current and potential future increase in inflation on our results cannot be accurately known until, among other items, claims are ultimately settled. The duration and severity of an inflationary period cannot be estimated with precision. We consider the anticipated effects of inflation on us in our catastrophe loss models and on our investment portfolio. Our estimates of the potential effects of inflation are also considered in pricing and in estimating reserves for unpaid claims and claim expenses. The potential exists, after a catastrophe loss, for the development of inflationary pressures in a local economy.

SUMMARY OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

Our critical accounting estimates include “Claims and Claim Expense Reserves,” “Premiums and Related Expenses,” “Reinsurance Recoverables,” “Fair Value Measurements and Impairments” and “Income Taxes,” and are discussed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates as disclosed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Below is a discussion of the results of operations for the first quarter of 2024, compared to the first quarter of 2023.



Three months ended March 31,	2024			2023			Change
(in thousands, except per share amounts and percentages)
Statement of Operations Highlights
Gross premiums written	$	3,990,684		$	2,790,261		$	1,200,423
Net premiums written	$	3,199,573		$	2,263,703		$	935,870
Net premiums earned	$	2,443,910		$	1,680,550		$	763,360
Net claims and claim expenses incurred	1,166,123			801,200			364,923
Acquisition expenses	630,921			432,257			198,664
Operational expenses	106,184			77,474			28,710
Underwriting income (loss)	$	540,682		$	369,619		$	171,063

Net investment income	$	390,775		$	254,378		$	136,397
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments	(213,654)			279,451			(493,105)


Total investment result	$	177,121		$	533,829		$	(356,708)



Net income (loss)	$	618,469		$	840,290		$	(221,821)
Net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders	$	364,798		$	564,062		$	(199,264)



Net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders per common share – diluted	$	6.94		$	12.91		$	(5.97)
Dividends per common share	$	0.39		$	0.38		$	0.01

Key Ratios
Net claims and claim expense ratio – current accident year	51.7		%	53.9		%	(2.2)		pts
Net claims and claim expense ratio – prior accident years	(4.0)		%	(6.2)		%	2.2		pts
Net claims and claim expense ratio – calendar year	47.7		%	47.7		%	—		pts
Underwriting expense ratio	30.2		%	30.3		%	(0.1)		pts
Combined ratio	77.9		%	78.0		%	(0.1)		pts

Return on average common equity - annualized	16.4		%	46.6		%	(30.2)		pts

Book Value	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023			Change
Book value per common share	$	170.92		$	165.20		$	5.72
Accumulated dividends per common share	26.91			26.52			0.39
Book value per common share plus accumulated dividends	$	197.83		$	191.72		$	6.11
Change in book value per common share plus change in accumulated dividends	3.7		%

Net income available to RenaissanceRe common shareholders was $364.8 million in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $564.1 million in the first quarter of 2023, a decrease of $199.3 million. As a result of our net income available to RenaissanceRe common shareholders in the first quarter of 2024, we generated an annualized return on average common equity of 16.4%, and our book value per common share increased from $165.20 at December 31, 2023 to $170.92 at March 31, 2024, a 3.7% increase, after considering the change in accumulated dividends paid to our common shareholders.

The most significant items affecting our financial performance during the first quarter of 2024, on a comparative basis to the first quarter of 2023, include:

•Underwriting Results - we generated underwriting income of $540.7 million and had a combined ratio of 77.9% in the first quarter of 2024, compared to underwriting income of $369.6 million and a combined ratio of 78.0% in the first quarter of 2023. Our underwriting income in the first quarter of 2024 was comprised of our Property segment, which generated underwriting income of $534.4 million and had a combined ratio of 42.9%, and our Casualty and Specialty segment, which generated underwriting income of $6.3 million and had a combined ratio of 99.6%. In comparison, our underwriting income in the first quarter of 2023 was comprised of our Property segment, which generated underwriting income of $298.7 million and had a combined ratio of 56.6%, and our Casualty and Specialty segment, which generated underwriting income of $70.9 million and had a combined ratio of 92.9%;

Notwithstanding our strong results in the first quarter of 2024, our underwriting results in the first quarter of 2024 were impacted by the Baltimore Bridge Collapse, which resulted in a net negative impact on the underwriting result of $79.9 million and added 3.3 percentage points to the consolidated combined ratio, primarily within the Casualty and Specialty segment. This compares to the first quarter of 2023, which was impacted by the Q1 2023 Large Loss Events, which resulted in a net negative impact on the underwriting result of $79.1 million and added 4.7 percentage points to the consolidated combined ratio, all in the Property segment;

•Gross Premiums Written - our gross premiums written increased by $1.2 billion, or 43.0%, to $4.0 billion, in the first quarter of 2024, compared to the first quarter of 2023. This was comprised of an increase of $614.7 million in our Casualty and Specialty segment and $585.7 million in our Property segment, both primarily driven by the renewal of business acquired in the Validus Acquisition, in conjunction with the retention of legacy lines;

•Investment Results - our total investment result, which includes net investment income and net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments, was income of $177.1 million in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $533.8 million in the first quarter of 2023, a decrease of $356.7 million. The primary drivers of the lower total investment result were net realized and unrealized losses on investments in the first quarter of 2024, compared to net realized and unrealized gains in the first quarter of 2023, partially offset by an increase in net investment income. Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments reduced $493.1 million as a result of net realized and unrealized losses on fixed maturity investments, primarily driven by increases in interest rates in the first quarter of 2024, compared to net realized and unrealized gains in the first quarter of 2023 due to decreases in interest rates during the period. Net investment income increased by $136.4 million due to a combination of higher average invested assets, primarily resulting from the Validus Acquisition, and higher yielding assets;

•Net Income Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests - our net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests was $244.8 million in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $267.4 million in the first quarter of 2023. The higher net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in the first quarter of 2024 was primarily driven by improved underwriting results generated by DaVinci and Vermeer, and higher net investment income resulting from higher interest rates and yields within the investment portfolios of our joint ventures and managed funds; and

•Impact of Large Loss Events - we had a net negative impact on net income available to RenaissanceRe common shareholders of $54.5 million resulting from the Baltimore Bridge Collapse. This compares to a net negative impact on net loss attributable to RenaissanceRe common shareholders of $53.5 million resulting from the Q1 2023 Large Loss Events.

Net Negative Impact

Net negative impact on underwriting result includes the sum of (1) net claims and claim expenses incurred, (2) assumed and ceded reinstatement premiums earned and (3) earned and lost profit commissions. Net negative impact on net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders is the sum of (1) net negative impact on underwriting result and (2) redeemable noncontrolling interest, both before consideration of any related income tax benefit (expense).

Our estimates of net negative impact are based on a review of our potential exposures, preliminary discussions with certain counterparties and actuarial modeling techniques. Our actual net negative impact, both individually and in the aggregate, may vary from these estimates, perhaps materially. Changes in these estimates will be recorded in the period in which they occur.

Meaningful uncertainty remains regarding the estimates and the nature and extent of the losses from these catastrophe events, driven by the magnitude and recent nature of each event, the geographic areas impacted by the events, relatively limited claims data received to date, the contingent nature of business interruption and other exposures, potential uncertainties relating to reinsurance recoveries and other factors inherent in loss estimation, among other things.

Q1 2024 Net Negative Impact

The financial data below provides additional information detailing the net negative impact of the 2024 Large Loss Events on our consolidated financial statements in the first quarter of 2024.



Three months ended March 31, 2024	2024 Large Loss Events (1)
(in thousands)
Net claims and claims expenses incurred	$	(84,650)
Assumed reinstatement premiums earned	14,027
Ceded reinstatement premiums earned	(9,310)
Earned (lost) profit commissions	—
Net negative impact on underwriting result	(79,933)
Redeemable noncontrolling interest	25,420
Net negative impact on net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders	$	(54,513)

The financial data below provides additional information detailing the net negative impact of the 2024 Large Loss Events on our segment underwriting results and consolidated combined ratio in the first quarter of 2024.



Three months ended March 31, 2024	2024 Large Loss Events (1)
(in thousands, except percentages)
Net negative impact on Property segment underwriting result	$	(19,058)
Net negative impact on Casualty and Specialty segment underwriting result	(60,875)
Net negative impact on underwriting result	$	(79,933)
Percentage point impact on consolidated combined ratio	3.3

(1)“2024 Large Loss Events” represents the collapse of the Francis Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore following a collision with a cargo ship in March 2024 (the “Baltimore Bridge Collapse”).

Q1 2023 Net Negative Impact

The financial data below provides additional information detailing the net negative impact of the Q1 2023 Large Loss Events on our consolidated financial statements in the first quarter of 2023.



Three months ended March 31, 2023	Q1 2023 Large Loss Events (1)
(in thousands)
Net claims and claims expenses incurred	$	(81,478)
Assumed reinstatement premiums earned	3,124
Ceded reinstatement premiums earned	—
Earned (lost) profit commissions	(701)
Net negative impact on underwriting result	(79,055)
Redeemable noncontrolling interest	25,517
Net negative impact on net income (loss) available (attributable) to RenaissanceRe common shareholders	$	(53,538)

The financial data below provides additional information detailing the net negative impact of the Q1 2023 Large Loss Events on our segment underwriting results and consolidated combined ratio in the first quarter of 2023.



Three months ended March 31, 2023	Q1 2023 Large Loss Events (1)
(in thousands, except percentages)
Net negative impact on Property segment underwriting result	$	(79,055)
Net negative impact on Casualty and Specialty segment underwriting result	—
Net negative impact on underwriting result	$	(79,055)
Percentage point impact on consolidated combined ratio	4.7

(1)“Q1 2023 Large Loss Events” includes the earthquakes which impacted southern and central Turkey in February 2023, Cyclone Gabrielle which impacted northern New Zealand, the flooding that impacted northern New Zealand in January and February 2023, and various wind and thunderstorm events which impacted states in both the Southern and Midwest U.S. during March 2023.

Underwriting Results by Segment

Property Segment

Below is a summary of the underwriting results and ratios for our Property segment:



Three months ended March 31,	2024			2023			Change
(in thousands, except percentages)
Gross premiums written	$	1,889,881		$	1,304,199		$	585,682
Net premiums written	$	1,397,618		$	1,019,829		$	377,789
Net premiums earned	$	936,083		$	687,420		$	248,663
Net claims and claim expenses incurred	154,249			187,609			(33,360)
Acquisition expenses	185,782			145,319			40,463
Operational expenses	61,624			55,813			5,811
Underwriting income (loss)	$	534,428		$	298,679		$	235,749

Net claims and claim expenses incurred – current accident year	$	248,916		$	269,302		$	(20,386)
Net claims and claim expenses incurred – prior accident years	(94,667)			(81,693)			(12,974)
Net claims and claim expenses incurred – total	$	154,249		$	187,609		$	(33,360)

Net claims and claim expense ratio – current accident year	26.6		%	39.2		%	(12.6)		pts
Net claims and claim expense ratio – prior accident years	(10.1)		%	(11.9)		%	1.8		pts
Net claims and claim expense ratio – calendar year	16.5		%	27.3		%	(10.8)		pts
Underwriting expense ratio	26.4		%	29.3		%	(2.9)		pts
Combined ratio	42.9		%	56.6		%	(13.7)		pts

Property Gross Premiums Written

In the first quarter of 2024, our Property segment gross premiums written increased by $585.7 million, or 44.9%, to $1.9 billion, compared to the first quarter of 2023.

Gross premiums written in the catastrophe class of business were $1.3 billion in the first quarter of 2024, an increase of $412.5 million, or 44.4%, compared to the first quarter of 2023. This increase was principally driven by the renewal of business acquired in the Validus Acquisition, in conjunction with the retention of legacy lines, at the January 1, 2024 renewal.

Gross premiums written in the other property class of business were $548.7 million in the first quarter of 2024, an increase of $173.1 million, or 46.1%, compared to the first quarter of 2023. The increase in gross premiums written in the other property class of business was principally due to the renewal of business acquired in the Validus Acquisition, in conjunction with the retention of legacy lines, and growth in our catastrophe exposed quota share programs owing to continued attractive market conditions.

Property Ceded Premiums Written



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Ceded premiums written	$	492,263	$	284,370	$	207,893

Due to the potential volatility of the reinsurance contracts which we sell, we purchase reinsurance to reduce our exposure to large losses and to help manage our risk portfolio. To the extent that appropriately priced coverage is available, we anticipate continued use of retrocessional reinsurance to reduce the impact of large losses on our financial results and to manage our portfolio of risk; however, the buying of ceded reinsurance in our Property segment is based on market opportunities and is not based on placing a specific reinsurance program each year. In addition, we may utilize insurance-linked securities for purchases of retrocessional reinsurance if we find the pricing and terms of such coverages attractive.

Ceded premiums written in our Property segment were $492.3 million in the first quarter of 2024, an increase of $207.9 million, or 73.1%, compared to the first quarter of 2023, reflecting an increase in ceded purchases as part of the Company’s gross-to-net strategy.

Property Net Premiums Written



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Net premiums written	$	1,397,618	$	1,019,829	$	377,789

Net premiums written in our Property segment were $1.4 billion in the first quarter of 2024, an increase of $377.8 million, or 37.0%, compared to the first quarter of 2023, primarily driven by the renewal of business acquired in the Validus Acquisition, in conjunction with the retention of legacy lines, at the January 1, 2024 renewal, across both the catastrophe and other property classes of business.

Property Underwriting Results

Our Property segment generated underwriting income of $534.4 million in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $298.7 million in the first quarter of 2023. In the first quarter of 2024, our Property segment generated a net claims and claim expense ratio of 16.5%, an underwriting expense ratio of 26.4% and a combined ratio of 42.9%, compared to 27.3%, 29.3% and 56.6%, respectively, in the first quarter of 2023.

Impacting the underwriting result and combined ratio in the first quarter of 2024 was the Baltimore Bridge Collapse, which resulted in a net negative impact on the Property segment underwriting result of $19.1 million and added 2.0 percentage points to the Property segment combined ratio, all within the other property class of business. Impacting the underwriting result and combined ratio in the first quarter of 2023 were the Q1 2023 Large Loss Events, which resulted in a net negative impact on the Property segment underwriting result of $79.1 million and added 11.8 percentage points to the Property segment combined ratio, reflecting impacts in both the catastrophe and other property classes of business.

The net claims and claim expense ratio in the first quarter of 2024 of 16.5% is comprised of a current accident year net claims and claim expense ratio of 26.6% and 10.1 percentage points of net favorable development of prior accident years. In comparison, the first quarter of 2023 had a net claims and claim expense ratio of 27.3%, comprised of a current accident year net claims and claim expense ratio of 39.2% and 11.9 percentage points of net favorable development of prior accident years. The decrease of 12.6 percentage points in the current accident year net claims and claim expense ratio is primarily as a result of a lower impact from the Baltimore Bridge Collapse , which contributed 2.0 percentage points to the current accident year net claims and claim expense ratio in the first quarter of 2024, compared to the Q1 2023 Large Loss Events, which contributed 11.7 percentage points in the first quarter of 2023.

See “Note 6. Reserve for Claims and Claim Expenses” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information related to the prior year development of net claims and claim expenses.

The underwriting expense ratio decreased 2.9 percentage points, largely driven by an increase in net earned premiums as well as continued relative growth in the catastrophe class of business, which has a lower acquisition expense ratio than the other property class of business, partially offset by the increase in acquisition expenses from purchase accounting adjustments relating to the Validus Acquisition.

Casualty and Specialty Segment

Below is a summary of the underwriting results and ratios for our Casualty and Specialty segment:



Three months ended March 31,	2024			2023			Change
(in thousands, except percentages)
Gross premiums written	$	2,100,803		$	1,486,062		$	614,741
Net premiums written	$	1,801,955		$	1,243,874		$	558,081
Net premiums earned	$	1,507,827		$	993,130		$	514,697
Net claims and claim expenses incurred	1,011,874			613,591			398,283
Acquisition expenses	445,139			286,938			158,201
Operational expenses	44,560			21,661			22,899
Underwriting income (loss)	$	6,254		$	70,940		$	(64,686)

Net claims and claim expenses incurred – current accident year	$	1,014,288		$	636,650		$	377,638
Net claims and claim expenses incurred – prior accident years	(2,414)			(23,059)			20,645
Net claims and claim expenses incurred – total	$	1,011,874		$	613,591		$	398,283

Net claims and claim expense ratio – current accident year	67.3		%	64.1		%	3.2		pts
Net claims and claim expense ratio – prior accident years	(0.2)		%	(2.3)		%	2.1		pts
Net claims and claim expense ratio – calendar year	67.1		%	61.8		%	5.3		pts
Underwriting expense ratio	32.5		%	31.1		%	1.4		pts
Combined ratio	99.6		%	92.9		%	6.7		pts

Casualty and Specialty Gross Premiums Written

In the first quarter of 2024, our Casualty and Specialty segment gross premiums increased by $614.7 million, or 41.4%, to $2.1 billion, compared to the first quarter of 2023. This increase was principally due to the renewal of Validus business, in conjunction with the retention of legacy lines. In particular, the other specialty line of business grew by $392.4 million compared to the first quarter of 2023.

Our relative mix of business between proportional business and excess of loss business has fluctuated in the past and will likely continue to do so in the future. Proportional business, which represents the majority of our Casualty and Specialty segment business, typically has a higher expense ratio and tends to be exposed to more attritional and frequent losses, while being subject to less expected severity compared to traditional excess of loss business.

Casualty and Specialty Ceded Premiums Written



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Ceded premiums written	$	298,848	$	242,188	$	56,660

We purchase reinsurance to reduce our exposure to large losses and to help manage our risk portfolio. To the extent that appropriately priced coverage is available, we anticipate continued use of retrocessional reinsurance to reduce the impact of large losses on our financial results and to manage our portfolio of risk. As in our Property segment, the buying of ceded reinsurance in our Casualty and Specialty segment is based on market opportunities and is not based on placing a specific reinsurance program each year.

Ceded premiums written in our Casualty and Specialty segment increased by $56.7 million, to $298.8 million, in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $242.2 million in the first quarter of 2023, driven by the increase in gross premiums written subject to our retrocessional reinsurance programs, and partially offset by a decrease in amount of quota share retrocessional coverage purchased.

Casualty and Specialty Net Premiums Written



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Net premiums written	$	1,801,955	$	1,243,874	$	558,081

Net premiums written in our Casualty and Specialty segment increased by $558.1 million, or 44.9%, to $1.8 billion, in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $1.2 billion in the first quarter of 2023, consistent with the changes in gross premiums written and quota share retrocessional coverage purchased as discussed above.

Casualty and Specialty Underwriting Results

Our Casualty and Specialty segment generated underwriting income of $6.3 million in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $70.9 million in the first quarter of 2023. In the first quarter of 2024, our Casualty and Specialty segment generated a net claims and claim expense ratio of 67.1%, an underwriting expense ratio of 32.5% and a combined ratio of 99.6%, compared to 61.8%, 31.1% and 92.9%, respectively, in the first quarter of 2023.

The increase in the Casualty and Specialty segment combined ratio in the first quarter of 2024 was primarily driven by the increase of 5.3 percentage points in the net claims and claims expense ratio, mainly as a result of losses related to the Baltimore Bridge Collapse, which contributed approximately 4.2 percentage points to the current accident year net claims and claim expense ratio. In addition, the impact of purchase accounting adjustments relating to the Validus Acquisition added 2.5 percentage points to the combined ratio.

The underwriting expense ratio increased 1.4 percentage points, consisting of a 0.8 percentage point increase in the operating expense ratio due to a reduction in the benefit from override fees from a decrease in retrocessional reinsurance coverage purchased, and a 0.6 percentage point increase in the acquisition expense ratio, driven by the impact of purchase accounting adjustments related to the Validus Acquisition.

Fee Income



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Management Fee Income
Joint ventures	$	38,391	$	27,998	$	10,393
Structured reinsurance products and other	7,164		6,638		526
Managed funds	10,498		6,269		4,229
Total management fee income	56,053		40,905		15,148

Performance Fee Income
Joint ventures	17,271		1,755		15,516
Structured reinsurance products and other	3,958		1,755		2,203
Managed funds	6,268		357		5,911
Total performance fee income	27,497		3,867		23,630
Total fee income	$	83,550	$	44,772	$	38,778

The table above shows total fee income earned through third-party capital management activities, including various joint ventures, managed funds and certain structured retrocession agreements to which we are a party. Performance fees are based on the performance of the individual vehicles or products, and may be zero or negative in a particular period if, for example, large losses occur, which can potentially result in no performance fees or the reversal of previously accrued performance fees. Joint ventures include DaVinci, Top Layer, Vermeer, and Fontana. Managed funds includes Upsilon Fund and Medici, as well as fee income earned by AlphaCat Managers, which was acquired as part of the Validus Acquisition. Structured reinsurance products and other includes certain reinsurance contracts and certain other vehicles through which we transfer risk to third-party capital.

In the first quarter of 2024, total fee income earned through third-party capital management activities increased $38.8 million, to $83.6 million, compared to $44.8 million in the first quarter of 2023, due to higher management and performance fee income in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023. Management fee income increased $15.1 million compared to the first quarter of 2023, driven by increased capital managed at DaVinci, Fontana and Medici, as well as the addition of fees earned by AlphaCat Managers. Performance fee income increased $23.6 million compared to the first quarter of 2023, driven by current underwriting year results and favorable development on prior year events, primarily in DaVinci.

The fees earned through third-party capital management activities are principally recorded through redeemable noncontrolling interest, or as an increase to underwriting income through a decrease in operational expenses or acquisition expenses. Below is a summary of the impact of fee income on the applicable financial statement line items.



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Underwriting income (loss) - fee income on third-party capital management activities (1)	$	14,694	$	13,141	$	1,553
Equity in earnings of other ventures	(355)		(141)		(214)
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest	69,211		31,772		37,439
Total fee income	$	83,550	$	44,772	$	38,778

(1)Reflects total fee income earned through third-party capital management as well as various joint ventures, managed funds and certain structured retrocession agreements to which we are a party, recorded through underwriting income (loss) as a decrease (increase) to operational expenses or acquisition expenses. The $14.7 million includes $15.1 million of management fee income, recorded as a reduction to operational expenses and $(0.4) million of performance fee income recorded as an increase to acquisition expenses (2023 - $13.1 million, $11.6 million and a reduction of $1.6 million, respectively).

In addition to the $83.6 million of fee income earned through our third-party capital management activities that was recorded through underwriting income (loss), as detailed above, we also earn additional fee income on certain other underwriting-related activities. These fees, in the aggregate, are recorded as a reduction to operational expenses or acquisition expenses, as applicable. The total fees recorded through underwriting income (loss) are detailed in the table below.



Three months ended March 31,	2024			2023			Change
(in thousands)
Underwriting income (loss) - fee income on third-party capital management activities	$	14,694		$	13,141		$	1,553
Underwriting income (loss) - additional fee income on other underwriting-related activities	19,321			22,176			(2,855)
Total fee income recorded through underwriting income (loss) (1)	$	34,015		$	35,317		$	(1,302)
Impact of Total fee income recorded through underwriting income (loss) on the combined ratio	1.4		%	2.1		%	(0.7)		pts

(1)The $34.0 million includes $32.5 million of management fee income, recorded as a reduction to operational expenses and $1.5 million of performance fee income recorded as a reduction to acquisition expenses (2023 - $35.3 million, $33.7 million and $1.6 million, respectively).

Net Investment Income



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Fixed maturity investments trading	$	257,289	$	155,500	$	101,789
Short term investments	46,791		32,950		13,841
Equity investments	560		3,399		(2,839)
Other investments
Catastrophe bonds	58,249		38,831		19,418
Other	17,925		24,571		(6,646)
Cash and cash equivalents	14,722		4,264		10,458
	395,536		259,515		136,021
Investment expenses	(4,761)		(5,137)		376
Net investment income	$	390,775	$	254,378	$	136,397

Net investment income was $390.8 million in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $254.4 million in the first quarter of 2023, an increase of $136.4 million. This increase was primarily driven by higher average invested assets, primarily resulting from the Validus Acquisition, and higher yielding assets in the fixed maturity and short term portfolios.

Net Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Gross realized gains on fixed maturity investments trading	$	69,389	$	17,709	$	51,680
Gross realized losses on fixed maturity investments trading	(59,593)		(122,474)		62,881
Net realized gains (losses) on fixed maturity investments trading	9,796		(104,765)		114,561
Net unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity investments trading	(211,996)		312,026		(524,022)

Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investment-related derivatives (1)	(57,806)		12,162		(69,968)
Net realized gains (losses) on equity investments	—		(8,738)		8,738
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity investments	13,097		39,151		(26,054)
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on equity investments	13,097		30,413		(17,316)
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on other investments - catastrophe bonds	18,907		24,126		(5,219)
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on other investments - other	14,348		5,489		8,859
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments	$	(213,654)	$	279,451	$	(493,105)

We structure our investment portfolio to emphasize the preservation of capital and the availability of liquidity to meet our claims obligations, to be well diversified across market sectors, and to generate relatively attractive returns on a risk-adjusted basis over time. A large majority of our investments are invested in the fixed income markets and, therefore, our realized and unrealized holding gains and losses on investments are highly correlated to fluctuations in interest rates. As interest rates decline, we will tend to have realized and unrealized gains from our investment portfolio, and as interest rates rise, we will tend to have realized and unrealized losses from our investment portfolio.

Net realized and unrealized losses on investments were $213.7 million in the first quarter of 2024, compared to net realized and unrealized gains of $279.5 million in the first quarter of 2023. Principally impacting our net realized and unrealized losses on investments in the first quarter of 2024 were:

•net realized and unrealized losses on fixed maturity investments trading of $202.2 million in the first quarter of 2024 driven by interest rate increases in the current quarter, compared to net realized and unrealized gains of $207.3 million in the first quarter of 2023 due to decreases in interest rates during the comparative period; and

•net realized and unrealized losses on investment-related derivatives of $57.8 million, compared to net realized and unrealized gains of $12.2 million in the first quarter of 2023. Current quarter losses were primarily driven by long interest rate future positions being negatively impacted by interest rate increases, while in the first quarter of 2023 long interest rate future positions benefited from declining interest rates.

Net Foreign Exchange Gains (Losses)



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Net foreign exchange gains (losses)	$	(35,683)	$	(14,503)	$	(21,180)

In the first quarter of 2024, net foreign exchange losses were $35.7 million compared to $14.5 million in the first quarter of 2023. The net foreign exchange losses in the first quarter of 2024 and 2023 were primarily driven by losses attributable to third-party investors in Medici which are allocated through net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest.

Our functional currency is the U.S. dollar. We routinely write a portion of our business in currencies other than U.S. dollars and invest a portion of our cash and investment portfolio in those currencies. We are primarily impacted by foreign currency exposures associated with our underwriting operations and our investment portfolio, and may, from time to time, enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to minimize the effect of fluctuating foreign currencies on the value of non-U.S. dollar denominated assets and liabilities.

Refer to “Part II, Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional information related to our exposure to foreign currency risk and “Note 13. Derivative Instruments” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information related to foreign currency forward and option contracts we have entered into.

Equity in Earnings (Losses) of Other Ventures



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Tower Hill Companies	$	6,463	$	6,267	$	196
Top Layer	3,252		3,364		(112)
Other	4,412		(101)		4,513
Total equity in earnings (losses) of other ventures	$	14,127	$	9,530	$	4,597

Equity in earnings of other ventures represents our pro-rata share of the net income from our investments in the Tower Hill Companies, Top Layer, and our equity investments in a select group of insurance and insurance-related companies, which are included in Other. Except for Top Layer, which is recorded on a current quarter basis, equity in earnings of other ventures is recorded one quarter in arrears. The carrying value of these investments on our consolidated balance sheets, individually or in the aggregate, may differ from the realized value we may ultimately attain, perhaps significantly so.

Earnings from our investments in other ventures were $14.1 million in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $9.5 million in the first quarter of 2023, an increase of $4.6 million. The increase was principally driven by increased profitability of our equity investments during the first quarter of 2024, primarily driven by certain insurance and insurance-related companies included in Other, which reported higher net income in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the first quarter of 2023 as a result of negative fair value movements within the underlying portfolios of strategic investments in the prior period.

Corporate Expenses



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Corporate expenses	$	39,252	$	12,843	$	26,409

Corporate expenses include certain executive, director, legal and consulting expenses, costs for research and development, and other miscellaneous costs, including those associated with operating as a publicly traded company, as well as costs incurred in connection with the Validus Acquisition. From time to time, we may revise the allocation of certain expenses between corporate and operational expenses to better reflect the characteristic of the underlying expense.

Corporate expenses were $39.3 million in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $12.8 million in the first quarter of 2023, an increase of $26.4 million which was primarily driven by $20.3 million of expenses associated with the Validus Acquisition. We expect to incur additional costs and expenses associated with the Validus Acquisition. These additional non-recurring costs may be significant, and it is possible that our ultimate costs will exceed our current estimates.

Income Tax Benefit (Expense)



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Income tax benefit (expense)	$	(15,372)	$	(28,902)	$	13,530

We recognized an income tax expense of $15.4 million in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $28.9 million in the first quarter of 2023. The decrease in income tax expense was primarily driven by investment losses in the first quarter of 2024 compared to investment gains in the first quarter of 2023, partially offset by increased underwriting and net investment income in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023.

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023		Change
(in thousands)
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - DaVinci	$	148,013	$	166,082	$	(18,069)
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - Vermeer	52,971		47,405		5,566
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - Medici	46,269		45,069		1,200
Redeemable noncontrolling interest - Fontana	(2,426)		8,828		(11,254)
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	$	244,827	$	267,384	$	(22,557)

Our net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests was $244.8 million in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $267.4 million in the first quarter of 2023, a change of $22.6 million. This decrease was primarily due to the following:

•DaVinci, which had a decrease in net income in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023, primarily resulting from an increase in net realized and unrealized losses on its investments, partially offset by an increase in underwriting income; and

•Fontana, which had a net loss in the first quarter of 2024 compared to net income in the first quarter of 2023, primarily resulting from an increase in net realized and unrealized losses on its investments; partially offset by

•Vermeer, which had an increase in net income in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023, primarily resulting from an increase in net investment income due to higher interest rates, as well as an increase in underwriting income;

•Medici, which had an increase in net income in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023, primarily resulting from an increase in net investment income due to higher interest rates, as well as net realized and unrealized gains on catastrophe bonds, partially offset by net foreign exchange losses.

Refer to “Note 8. Noncontrolling Interests” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information regarding our redeemable noncontrolling interests.

FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Financial Condition

As a Bermuda-domiciled holding company, RenaissanceRe has limited operations of its own. Its assets consist primarily of investments in subsidiaries and cash and securities in amounts which fluctuate over time. We therefore rely on dividends and distributions (and other statutorily permissible payments) from our subsidiaries, investment income and fee income to meet our liquidity requirements, which primarily include making principal and interest payments on our debt and dividend payments to our preference and common shareholders.

The payment of dividends by our subsidiaries is, under certain circumstances, limited by the applicable laws and regulations in the various jurisdictions in which our subsidiaries operate. In addition, insurance laws require our insurance subsidiaries to maintain certain measures of solvency and liquidity. We believe that each of our insurance subsidiaries and branches exceeded the minimum solvency, capital and surplus requirements in their applicable jurisdictions at March 31, 2024. Certain of our subsidiaries and branches are required to file FCRs with their regulators, which provide details on solvency and financial performance. Where required, these FCRs will be posted on our website. The regulations governing our and our principal operating subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends and to maintain certain measures of solvency and liquidity, and requirements to file FCRs are discussed in detail in “Part I, Item 1. Business, Regulation” and “Note 18. Statutory Requirements” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Liquidity and Cash Flows

Holding Company Liquidity

RenaissanceRe’s principal uses of liquidity are: (1) common share related transactions including dividend payments to our common shareholders and common share repurchases, (2) preference share related transactions including dividend payments to our preference shareholders and preference share redemptions, (3) interest and principal payments on debt, (4) capital investments in our subsidiaries, (5) acquisition of, or investments in, new or existing companies or books of business of other companies, such as the Validus Acquisition, and (6) certain corporate and operational expenses.

We attempt to structure our organization in a way that facilitates efficient capital movements between RenaissanceRe and our operating subsidiaries and to ensure that adequate liquidity is available when required, giving consideration to applicable laws and regulations, and the domiciliary location of sources of liquidity and related obligations. For example, our internal investment structures and cash pooling arrangements among the Company and certain of our subsidiaries help to efficiently facilitate capital and liquidity movements.

In the aggregate, our principal operating subsidiaries have historically produced sufficient cash flows to meet their expected claims payments and operational expenses and to provide dividend payments to us. In addition, our subsidiaries maintain a concentration of investments in high quality liquid securities, which management believes will provide additional liquidity for extraordinary claims payments should the need arise. However, in some circumstances, RenaissanceRe may determine it is necessary or advisable to contribute capital to our subsidiaries, or may be contractually required to contribute capital to our joint ventures or managed funds. For example, in 2023, RenaissanceRe contributed capital to RenaissanceRe Specialty U.S. to support growth in premiums. In addition, from time to time we invest in new managed joint ventures or managed funds, increase our investments in certain of our managed joint ventures or managed funds and contribute cash to investment subsidiaries, such as the launch of Fontana in 2022, an innovative joint venture dedicated to writing Casualty and Specialty risks. In certain instances, we may be required to make capital contributions to our subsidiaries or joint ventures or managed funds, for example, we have net worth maintenance agreements with certain operating subsidiaries, and Renaissance Reinsurance is obligated to make a mandatory capital contribution of up to $50.0 million in the event that a loss reduces Top Layer’s capital below a specified level.

Sources of Liquidity

Historically, cash receipts from operations, consisting primarily of premiums, investment income and fee income, have provided sufficient funds to pay the losses and operational expenses incurred by our subsidiaries and to fund dividends and distributions to RenaissanceRe. Other potential sources of liquidity include borrowings under our credit facilities and issuances of securities.

The premiums received by our operating subsidiaries are generally received months or even years before losses are paid under the policies related to such premiums. Premiums and acquisition expenses generally are received within the first two years of inception of a contract, while operational expenses are generally paid within a year of being incurred. It generally takes much longer for net claims and claims expenses incurred to be reported and ultimately settled, requiring the establishment of reserves for claims and claim expenses and losses recoverable. Therefore, the amount of net claims paid in any one year is not necessarily related to the amount of net claims and claims expenses incurred in that year, as reported in the consolidated statement of operations.

We expect that our liquidity needs for the next 12 months will be met by our cash receipts from operations. However, as a result of a combination of market conditions, turnover of our investment portfolios and changes in investment yields, and the nature of our business where a large portion of the coverages we provide can produce losses of high severity and low frequency, future cash flows from operating activities cannot be accurately predicted and may fluctuate significantly between individual quarters and years. In addition, due to the magnitude and complexity of certain large loss events, meaningful uncertainty remains regarding losses from these events and our actual ultimate net losses from these events may vary materially from preliminary estimates, which would impact our cash flows from operations.

Our “shelf” registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act allows for the public offering of various types of securities, including common shares, preference shares and debt securities, which provides a source of liquidity. Because we are a “well-known seasoned issuer” as defined by the rules promulgated under the Securities Act, we are also eligible to file additional automatically effective registration statements on Form S-3 in the future for the potential offering and sale of additional debt and equity securities.

From time to time, we raise capital through public offerings pursuant to our registration statements. For example, in 2023, we completed an offering of common shares and an issuance of senior notes, for total net proceeds of approximately $2.1 billion to fund a portion of the cash consideration for the Validus Acquisition, to pay related costs and expenses, and for general corporate purposes.

Credit Facilities, Trusts and Other Collateral Arrangements

We also maintain various other arrangements that allow us to access liquidity and satisfy collateral requirements, including revolving credit facilities, letter of credit facilities, and regulatory trusts, as well as other types of trust and collateral arrangements. Regulatory and other requirements to post collateral to support our reinsurance obligations could impact our liquidity. For example, many jurisdictions in the U.S. do not permit insurance companies to take credit for reinsurance obtained from unlicensed or non-admitted insurers on their statutory financial statements unless security is posted, so our contracts generally require us to post a letter of credit or provide other security (such as through a multi-beneficiary reinsurance trust). However, certain of our subsidiaries qualify as certified reinsurers or reciprocal reinsurers in one or more U.S. states, which has, and may continue to, reduce the amount of collateral that we are required to post. In addition, if we were to fail to comply with certain covenants in our debt agreements, we may have to pledge additional collateral.

Letter of Credit and Revolving Credit Facilities

We and certain of our subsidiaries, joint ventures, and managed funds maintain secured and unsecured revolving credit facilities and letter of credit facilities that provide liquidity and allow us to satisfy certain collateral requirements. The outstanding amounts drawn under each of our significant credit facilities are set forth below:



At March 31, 2024	Issued or Drawn
(in thousands)
Revolving Credit Facility (1)	$	—
Medici Revolving Credit Facility (2)	—
Bilateral Letter of Credit Facilities
Secured	498,399
Unsecured	702,864
Funds at Lloyd’s Letter of Credit Facility	225,000


	$	1,426,263

(1)At March 31, 2024, no amounts were issued or drawn under this facility.

(2)RenaissanceRe owns a noncontrolling economic interest in Medici. Because RenaissanceRe controls all of Medici’s outstanding voting rights, the financial statements of Medici are included in RenaissanceRe’s consolidated financial statements. However, RenaissanceRe does not guarantee or provide credit support for Medici, and RenaissanceRe’s financial exposure to Medici is limited to its investment in Medici’s shares and counterparty credit risk arising from reinsurance transactions. At March 31, 2024, no amounts were issued or drawn under this facility.

Refer to “Note 7. Debt and Credit Facilities” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information related to our significant debt and credit facilities.

Funds at Lloyd’s

As a member of Lloyd’s, the underwriting capacity, or stamp capacity, of Syndicate 1458 is required to be supported by providing a deposit, the FAL, in the form of cash, securities or letters of credit. At March 31, 2024, the FAL required to support the underwriting activities at Lloyd’s through Syndicate 1458 was £636.2 million (December 31, 2023 - £730.9 million). Actual FAL posted for Syndicate 1458 at March 31, 2024 by RenaissanceRe Corporate Capital (UK) Limited was $934.2 million (December 31, 2023 - $935.8 million), supported by a $225.0 million letter of credit and a $709.2 million deposit of cash and fixed maturity securities (December 31, 2023 - $225.0 million and $710.8 million, respectively). Refer to “Note 7. Debt and Credit Facilities” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information related to this letter of credit facility.

Multi-Beneficiary Reinsurance Trusts, Multi-Beneficiary Reduced Collateral Reinsurance Trusts

Renaissance Reinsurance, DaVinci Reinsurance, RREAG, Validus Re and Validus Switzerland, use multi-beneficiary reinsurance trusts and/or multi-beneficiary reduced collateral reinsurance trusts to collateralize reinsurance liabilities. As of March 31, 2024, all of these trusts were funded in accordance with the relevant regulatory thresholds. However, assets held in these trusts have in the past, and may in the future, exceed the amount required under U.S. state regulations.

Refer to “Note 18. Statutory Requirements” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional information on our multi-beneficiary reinsurance trusts and multi-beneficiary reduced collateral reinsurance trusts.

The following table summarizes the assets held under trust and minimum amount required pursuant to U.S. state regulations in the multi-beneficiary reinsurance trusts.



	At March 31, 2024				At December 31, 2023
	Assets held under trust		Minimum amount required		Assets held under trust		Minimum amount required
Renaissance Reinsurance	$	583,678	$	260,515	$	584,708	$	381,497
DaVinci Reinsurance	174,167		54,826		174,352		114,203
Validus Re	617,441		464,362		625,100		529,149
Validus Switzerland	1,482,858		1,284,838		1,342,339		1,298,712

The following table summarizes the assets held under trust and minimum amount required pursuant to U.S. state regulations in the reduced collateral reinsurance trusts.



	At March 31, 2024				At December 31, 2023
	Assets held under trust		Minimum amount required		Assets held under trust		Minimum amount required
Renaissance Reinsurance	$	192,891	$	128,756	$	193,922	$	129,380
DaVinci Reinsurance	214,777		128,255		215,560		125,184
RREAG	107,363		73,045		103,632		$	75,380

Contractual Obligations

In assessing our liquidity requirements and cash needs, we also consider contractual obligations to which we are a party. These contractual obligations are summarized in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2024, there were no material changes in our contractual obligations as disclosed in the table of contractual obligations and related footnotes included in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Cash Flows



Three months ended March 31,	2024		2023
(in thousands)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	683,460	$	435,708
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(304,450)		(684,697)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(644,575)		116,291
Effect of exchange rate changes on foreign currency cash	(5,214)		2,066
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(270,779)		(130,632)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	1,877,518		1,194,339
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	1,606,739	$	1,063,707

2024

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $270.8 million, to $1.6 billion at March 31, 2024, compared to $1.9 billion at December 31, 2023.

Cash flows provided by operating activities.

Cash flows provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $683.5 million, compared to $435.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Cash flows provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 were primarily the result of certain adjustments to reconcile our net income of $618.5 million to net cash provided by operating activities, including:

•an increase in unearned premiums of $1.1 billion due to gross premiums written across both our Property and Casualty and Specialty segments;

•a decrease in reinsurance recoverable of $350.6 million due to the decrease in recoverables associated with weather related large losses from 2020 through 2022;

•an increase in reinsurance balances payable of $167.7 million, principally driven by the timing of payments related to underwriting activity; and

•net realized and unrealized losses on investments of $155.8 million, primarily driven by interest rate increases; partially offset by

•an increase in premiums receivable of $1.2 billion due to the timing of receipts and an increase in our gross premiums written; and

•an increase in prepaid reinsurance premiums of $358.1 million due to the January 1, 2024 renewal of our ceded book, which drove growth in our ceded premiums written and unearned ceded premiums.

Cash flows used in investing activities.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, our cash flows used in investing activities were $304.5 million, principally reflecting net purchases of fixed maturity investments trading of $384.7 million and short term investments of $13.9 million, partially offset by cash flows from net sales of other investments of $94.9 million. The net purchases of fixed maturity investments trading and short term investments was primarily funded by cash flows provided by operating activities, as described above.

Cash flows used in financing activities.

Our cash flows used in financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $644.6 million, and were principally the result of:

•net outflows of $518.9 million primarily related to net third-party redeemable noncontrolling interest share transactions in DaVinci, Medici and Vermeer; and

•repayment of debt of $75.0 million related to the Medici Revolving Credit Facility.

2023

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $130.6 million, to $1.1 billion at March 31, 2023, compared to $1.2 billion at December 31, 2022.

Cash flows provided by operating activities.

Cash flows provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2023 were $435.7 million, compared to $168.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. Cash flows provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2023 were primarily the result of certain adjustments to reconcile our net income of $840.3 million to net cash provided by operating activities, including:

•an increase in unearned premiums of $691.5 million due to the growth in gross premiums written across both our Property and Casualty and Specialty segments;

•an increase in reserve for claims and claim expenses of $104.3 million primarily resulting from an increase in reserves within our Casualty and Specialty segment largely driven by additional attritional reserves as a result of the application of our reserving loss ratios to the earned premium in the three months ended March 31, 2023, partially offset by a decrease in reserves in our Property segment due to prior year favorable development and paid losses during the three months ended March 31, 2023;

•an increase in reinsurance balances payable of $61.4 million principally driven by the issuance of non-voting preference shares to investors in Upsilon RFO, which are accounted for as prospective reinsurance and included in reinsurance balances payable on our consolidated balance sheet. See “Note 9. Variable Interest Entities” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information related to Upsilon RFO’s non-voting preference shares; partially offset by

•an increase in premiums receivable of $794.2 million due to the timing of receipts and increase in our gross premiums written;

•net realized and unrealized gains on investments of $267.3 million primarily driven by unrealized mark-to-market gains resulting from the decrease in interest rates; and

•an increase of $109.4 million in our prepaid reinsurance premiums due to the January 1, 2023 renewal of our ceded book, which drove growth in both our ceded premiums written and unearned ceded premiums.

Cash flows used in investing activities.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, our cash flows used in investing activities were $684.7 million, principally reflecting net purchases of fixed maturity investments trading of $139.5 million, short term investments of $480.4 million, and other investments of $159.5 million, partially offset by cash flows from net sales of equity investments trading of $104.1 million. The net purchases of fixed maturity investments trading was primarily funded by cash flows provided by operating activities, as described above, whereas the net purchase of other investments during the three months ended March 31, 2023, was primarily driven by an increased allocation to catastrophe bonds and fund investments.

Cash flows provided by financing activities.

Our cash flows provided by financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2023 were $116.3 million, and were principally the result of:

•net inflows of $190.6 million primarily related to net third-party redeemable noncontrolling interest share transactions in Medici and DaVinci; partially offset by

•repayment of debt of $30.0 million related to the Medici Revolving Credit Facility; and

•dividends paid on our common and preference shares of $16.6 million and $9.0 million, respectively.

Capital Resources

We monitor our capital adequacy on a regular basis and seek to adjust our capital according to the needs of our business. In particular, we require capital sufficient to meet or exceed the capital adequacy ratios established by rating agencies for maintenance of appropriate financial strength ratings, the capital adequacy tests performed by regulatory authorities and the capital requirements under our credit facilities. From time to time, rating agencies may make changes in their capital models and rating methodologies, which could increase the amount of capital required to support our ratings. We may seek to raise additional capital or return capital to our shareholders through common share repurchases and cash dividends (or a combination of such methods). In the normal course of our operations, we may from time to time evaluate additional share or debt issuances given prevailing market conditions and capital management strategies, including for our operating subsidiaries, joint ventures and managed funds. In addition, as noted above, we enter into agreements with financial institutions to obtain letter of credit facilities for the benefit of our operating subsidiaries and certain of our joint ventures and managed funds in their reinsurance and insurance business.

Our total shareholders’ equity attributable to RenaissanceRe and total debt was as follows:



	At March 31, 2024		At December 31, 2023		Change
(in thousands)
Common shareholders’ equity	$	9,042,785	$	8,704,958	$	337,827
Preference shares	750,000		750,000		—
Total shareholders’ equity attributable to RenaissanceRe	9,792,785		9,454,958		337,827

5.750% Senior Notes due 2033	741,359		741,124		235
3.600% Senior Notes due 2029	395,364		395,137		227
3.450% Senior Notes due 2027	298,393		298,270		123
3.700% Senior Notes due 2025	299,630		299,537		93
4.750% Senior Notes due 2025 (DaVinci) (1)	149,665		149,587		78

Total senior notes	1,884,411		1,883,655		756
Medici Revolving Credit Facility (2)	—		75,000		(75,000)
Total debt	$	1,884,411	$	1,958,655	$	(74,244)

Our shareholders’ equity attributable to RenaissanceRe increased $337.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 principally as a result of:

•our comprehensive income attributable to RenaissanceRe of $374.1 million; partially offset by

•$20.5 million and $8.8 million of dividends on our common and preference shares, respectively.

Our total debt decreased by $74.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 principally resulting from the repayment of $75.0 million that was previously drawn under the Medici Revolving Credit Facility.

For additional information related to the terms of our debt and significant credit facilities, see “Note 7. Debt and Credit Facilities” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” in this Form 10-Q and “Note 9. Debt and Credit Facilities” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” in our Form 10-K for

the year ended December 31, 2023. See “Note 10. Shareholders’ Equity” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” in this Form 10-Q and “Note 12. Shareholders’ Equity” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional information related to our common and preference shares.

Reserve for Claims and Claim Expenses

We believe the most significant accounting judgment made by management is our estimate of claims and claim expense reserves. Claims and claim expense reserves represent estimates, including actuarial and statistical projections at a given point in time, of the ultimate settlement and administration costs for unpaid claims and claim expenses arising from the insurance and reinsurance contracts we sell. Our actual net claims and claim expenses paid will differ, perhaps materially, from the estimates reflected in our financial statements, which may adversely impact our financial condition, liquidity and capital resources.

Refer to “Note 6. Reserve for Claims and Claim Expenses” included herein and “Note 8. Reserve for Claims and Claim Expenses” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for more information on the risks we insure and reinsure, the reserving techniques, assumptions and processes we follow to estimate our claims and claim expense reserves, prior year development of the reserve for claims and claim expenses, analysis of our incurred and paid claims development and claims duration information for each of our Property and Casualty and Specialty segments. In addition, refer to “Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Summary of Critical Accounting Estimates, Claims and Claim Expense Reserves” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for more information on the reserving techniques, assumptions and processes we follow to estimate our claims and claim expense reserves, our current estimates versus our initial estimates of our claims reserves, and sensitivity analysis for each of our Property and Casualty and Specialty segments.

Investments

The table below shows our invested assets:



	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)
U.S. treasuries	$	9,793,911	33.0	%	$	10,060,203	34.4	%	$	(266,292)
Corporate (1)	7,064,030		23.8	%	6,499,075		22.2	%	564,955
Residential mortgage-backed	1,616,444		5.5	%	1,420,362		4.9	%	196,082
Asset-backed	1,428,513		4.8	%	1,491,695		5.0	%	(63,182)
Agencies	594,522		2.0	%	489,117		1.7	%	105,405
Non-U.S. government	495,426		1.7	%	483,576		1.7	%	11,850
Commercial mortgage-backed	316,614		1.1	%	433,080		1.5	%	(116,466)
Total fixed maturity investments, at fair value	21,309,460		71.9	%	20,877,108		71.4	%	432,352
Short term investments, at fair value	4,639,165		15.7	%	4,604,079		15.8	%	35,086
Equity investments, at fair value	119,992		0.4	%	106,766		0.4	%	13,226
Catastrophe bonds	1,828,155		6.2	%	1,942,199		6.7	%	(114,044)
Fund investments	1,482,729		5.0	%	1,415,804		4.9	%	66,925
Term loans	97,433		0.3	%	97,658		0.3	%	(225)
Direct private equity investments	59,964		0.2	%	59,905		0.2	%	59
Total other investments, at fair value	3,468,281		11.7	%	3,515,566		12.1	%	(47,285)
Investments in other ventures, under equity method	99,684		0.3	%	112,624		0.3	%	(12,940)
Total investments	$	29,636,582	100.0	%	$	29,216,143	100.0	%	$	420,439

(1)Corporate fixed maturity investments include non-U.S. government-backed corporate fixed maturity investments.

We structure our investment portfolio to emphasize the preservation of capital and the availability of liquidity to meet our claims obligations, to be well diversified across market sectors, and to generate relatively attractive returns on a risk-adjusted basis over time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, our investments are subject to market-wide risks and fluctuations, as well as to risks inherent in particular securities. For additional information regarding our investments and the fair value measurement of our investments refer to “Note 3. Investments” and “Note 4. Fair Value Measurements” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.”

As the reinsurance coverages we sell include substantial protection for damages resulting from natural and man-made catastrophes, as well as for potentially large casualty and specialty exposures, we expect, from time to time, to become liable for substantial claim payments on short notice. Accordingly, our investment portfolio as a whole is structured to seek to preserve capital and provide a high level of liquidity, which means that the large majority of our investments are highly rated fixed income securities, including U.S. treasuries, agencies, highly rated sovereign and supranational securities, high-grade corporate securities and mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. We also have an allocation to publicly traded equities reflected on our consolidated balance sheet as equity investments and an allocation to other investments (including catastrophe bonds, fund investments, term loans and direct private equity investments).

Other Investments

The table below shows our portfolio of other investments:



	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023		Change
(in thousands)
Catastrophe bonds	$	1,828,155	$	1,942,199	$	(114,044)
Fund investments	1,482,729		1,415,804		66,925
Term loans	97,433		97,658		(225)
Direct private equity investments	59,964		59,905		59

Total other investments	$	3,468,281	$	3,515,566	$	(47,285)

We account for our other investments at fair value in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments. The fair value of our fund investments, which include private equity funds, private credit funds and hedge funds, is recorded on our consolidated balance sheet in other investments, and is generally established on the basis of the net asset value per share (or its equivalent), determined by the managers of these investments in accordance with the applicable governing documents. Many of our fund investments are subject to restrictions on redemptions and sales which limit our ability to liquidate these investments in the short term.

Our fund managers and their fund administrators are generally unable to provide final fund valuations as of our current reporting date. We typically experience a reporting lag to receive a final net asset value report of one month for our hedge funds and three months for both private equity funds and private credit funds, although we have occasionally experienced delays of up to six months, particularly at year end. In circumstances where there is a reporting lag, we estimate the fair value of these funds by starting with the prior month or quarter-end fund valuation, adjusting these valuations for actual capital calls, redemptions or distributions, as well as the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, and then estimating the return for the current period. This principally includes using preliminary estimates reported to us by our fund managers where available, and estimating returns based on the performance of broad market indices, or other valuation methods. Actual final fund valuations may differ, perhaps materially, from our estimates and these differences are recorded in our consolidated statement of operations in the period in which they are reported to us as a change in estimate. Due to the lag in reporting discussed above, we recorded a net loss of $12.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 ($1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023), representing the difference between our estimate recorded at year end and the actual amount reported in the final net asset values provided by our fund managers in the current period.

Our estimate of the fair value of catastrophe bonds is based on quoted market prices, or when such prices are not available, by reference to broker or underwriter bid indications. Refer to “Note 4. Fair Value Measurements” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information regarding the fair value measurement of our investments.

We have committed capital to direct private equity investments, fund investments, term loans and investments in other ventures of $3.6 billion, of which $2.0 billion has been contributed at March 31, 2024 (December 31, 2023 - $3.6 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively). Our remaining commitments to these investments at March 31, 2024 totaled $1.6 billion (December 31, 2023 - $1.6 billion). In the future, we may enter into additional commitments in respect of these investments or individual portfolio company investment opportunities.

Ratings

Financial strength ratings are important to the competitive position of reinsurance and insurance companies. We have received high financial strength ratings from A.M. Best, S&P, Moody’s and Fitch. These ratings represent independent opinions of an insurer’s financial strength, operating performance and ability to meet policyholder obligations, and are not an evaluation directed toward the protection of investors or a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any of our securities. Certain of our entities and the senior notes and preference shares issued by them also have issuer credit ratings. Rating organizations continually review the financial positions of our principal operating subsidiaries and joint ventures and ratings may be revised or revoked by the agencies which issue them. Additionally, rating organizations may change their rating methodology, which could have a material impact on our financial strength ratings.

In addition, S&P and A.M. Best assess companies’ ERM practices, which is an opinion on the many critical dimensions of risk that determine overall creditworthiness. RenaissanceRe has been assigned an ERM score of “Very Strong” from each of these agencies, which is the highest ERM score assigned.

The financial strength ratings of our principal operating subsidiaries and joint ventures and the ERM score of RenaissanceRe as of April 26, 2024 are presented below.

A.M. Best (1)

S&P (2)

Moody’s (3)

Fitch (4)

Renaissance Reinsurance Ltd.

A+

DaVinci Reinsurance Ltd.

A+

—

Fontana Reinsurance Ltd.

—

Fontana Reinsurance U.S. Ltd.

—

Renaissance Reinsurance of Europe Unlimited Company

A+

—

Renaissance Reinsurance U.S. Inc.

A+

—

RenaissanceRe Europe AG

A+

—

RenaissanceRe Specialty U.S. Ltd.

A+

—

Top Layer Reinsurance Ltd.

A+

—

Vermeer Reinsurance Ltd.

—

Validus Reinsurance Ltd.

A+

—

Validus Reinsurance (Switzerland) Ltd.

A+

—

RenaissanceRe Syndicate 1458

—

Lloyd’s Overall Market Rating

AA-

—

AA-

RenaissanceRe ERM Score

Very Strong

—

(1)The A.M. Best ratings for our principal operating subsidiaries and joint ventures represent the insurer’s financial strength rating. The Lloyd’s Overall Market Rating represents RenaissanceRe Syndicate 1458’s financial strength rating. RenaissanceRe has been assigned a “Very Strong” ERM score by A.M. Best.

(2)The S&P ratings for our principal operating subsidiaries and joint ventures represent the insurer’s financial strength rating. The Lloyd’s Overall Market Rating represents RenaissanceRe Syndicate 1458’s financial strength rating. RenaissanceRe has been assigned a “Very Strong” ERM score by S&P.

(3)The Moody’s ratings represent the insurer’s financial strength rating.

(4)The Fitch rating for Renaissance Reinsurance represents the insurer’s financial strength rating. The Lloyd’s Overall Market Rating represents Syndicate 1458’s financial strength rating.

As of April 26, 2024, there were no material changes to our ratings as disclosed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

SUPPLEMENTAL GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION

RenaissanceRe Finance, a 100% owned subsidiary of RenaissanceRe, is the issuer of certain 3.700% Senior Notes due 2025 and 3.450% Senior Notes due 2027, each of which are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by RenaissanceRe. The guarantees are senior unsecured obligations of RenaissanceRe and rank equally in right of payment with all other existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness of RenaissanceRe which may be outstanding from time to time. Each series of notes contain various covenants, including limitations on mergers and consolidations, and restrictions as to the disposition of, and the placing of liens on, stock of designated subsidiaries. For additional information related to the terms of our outstanding debt securities, see “Note 9. Debt and Credit Facilities” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and “Note 7. Debt and Credit Facilities” included herein.

The following tables present supplemental summarized financial information for RenaissanceRe and RenaissanceRe Finance, collectively the “Obligor Group.” Intercompany transactions among the members of the Obligor Group have been eliminated. The financial information of non-obligor subsidiaries has been excluded from the summarized financial information. In addition, assets as detailed in the table below exclude investments in subsidiaries for the Obligor Group. Significant intercompany transactions and receivable/payable balances between the Obligor Group and non-obligor subsidiaries are presented separately in the summarized financial information:

Summarized Balance Sheets



(in thousands)	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets
Receivables due from non-obligor subsidiaries	$	1,013,282	$	17,992
Other current assets	432,880		530,471
Total current assets	$	1,446,162	$	548,463

Goodwill and other intangibles	$	100,798	$	101,509
Loan receivable from non-obligor subsidiaries	642,855		624,152
Other noncurrent assets	5,339		39,951
Total noncurrent assets	$	748,992	$	765,612

Liabilities
Payables due to non-obligor subsidiaries	$	17,824	$	137,322
Other current liabilities	57,448		87,066
Total current liabilities	$	75,272	$	224,388

Loan payable to non-obligor subsidiaries	$	203,318	$	201,380
Other noncurrent liabilities	1,838,286		1,837,360
Total noncurrent liabilities	$	2,041,604	$	2,038,740

Summarized Statement of Operations



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31, 2024
Revenues
Intercompany revenue with non-obligor subsidiaries	$	9,776
Other revenue	5,295
Total revenues	15,071
Expenses
Intercompany expense with non-obligor subsidiaries	5,849
Other expense	40,862
Total expenses	46,711
Income tax benefit (expense)	480
Net income (loss)	(31,160)
Dividends on RenaissanceRe preference shares	(8,844)
Net income (loss) attributable to Obligor Group	$	(40,004)

CURRENT OUTLOOK

Over the last 10 years, we have made key strategic decisions to build the capabilities and scale that we believe will allow us to generate superior returns in an evolving marketplace. We have diversified our sources of capital through various owned and managed balance sheets as well as equity, debt and insurance-linked securities markets. We believe that the prior planning initiatives we implemented provide the flexibility to manage large loss events and efficiently distribute capital across balance sheets. We are unique among our peers in that we have both owned and managed, and rated and fronted, vehicles across the risks that we write. This has afforded us significant flexibility to react when the world changes.

In 2023, we accomplished several strategic milestones, including (i) achieving a step change in reinsurance pricing, and (ii) completing the Validus Acquisition, which will help us accelerate our growth in a favorable market. In 2024, our focus is on execution in order to realize the benefits of the strategic successes we accomplished in 2023.

Validus Acquisition

On November 1, 2023, we completed the Validus Acquisition, accelerating our strategy at a critical juncture in the reinsurance cycle. The Validus Acquisition has several significant strategic benefits for us and advances our position as a global property and casualty reinsurer, providing additional scale and diversification, and increasing our importance with customers and brokers. Through the Validus Acquisition, we gained access to a large book of attractive reinsurance business that is closely aligned with our existing business mix. The Validus Acquisition was immediately accretive to our shareholders across our three drivers of profit.

We have been focusing our efforts on the integration of Validus, including employees and systems, and achieving synergies without disrupting customer relationships. We believe that we have been making strong progress towards these goals, with capital fully deployed on day one, and integration into our risk management system soon afterwards, diminishing execution risk. The first quarter of 2024 was the first full quarter reflecting the impact of the Validus Acquisition, and it was a significant driver of our results of operations.

Reinsurance Market Trends and Developments

Over the course of 2023, we saw a shift in the reinsurance market environment that we think inured to our benefit. We believe we have created significant opportunities to source attractive risk in the lines of business that we write, and that such opportunities will result in superior returns for our shareholders. Overall, the shift in the reinsurance market environment has resulted in an increase in rates across certain lines of business.

At the January 1, 2024 renewals, our objective was to retain our legacy lines while renewing the Validus business that we chose to keep. Providing consistency to customers and brokers across market cycles is a critical component of our value proposition, and when coupled with our position as the incumbent on many lines of business across the RenaissanceRe and Validus portfolios, contributed to our successful January 1 renewals.

The January 1 renewals should benefit many of our stakeholders: our customers benefit from access to our highly rated and well capitalized balance sheets; our brokers benefit from access to an expanded and more influential market; our capital partners benefit from increased access to desirable risk; and our shareholders benefit from improvements to each of our three drivers of profit. We think that the momentum that we witnessed in 2023 will persist into 2024.

We believe that our understanding of volatility places us in a preferred position to accept risk, and we continue to see strong opportunities for growth across our portfolio. We have a strategic commitment to reinsurance that we think enhances our value proposition to customers because our reinsurance participation is consistent and broad, and our focus on reinsurance minimizes potential channel conflict with our customers. This commitment was only reinforced by the Validus Acquisition.

We are uniquely positioned to write a variety of risks, leveraging the enhancements we have made over the last several years to our risk and capital management technology and underwriting expertise to cover additional lines of business. In particular, we have invested heavily to understand the influence of climate change on the weather and its impact on the risks that we take. We believe that the RenaissanceRe Risk

Sciences team gives us an advantage in properly reflecting the evolving phenomenon of climate change in our models as compared to commercially available models.

Many are forecasting a particularly active hurricane season this year, largely focused on the impact of elevated sea surface temperatures and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation cycle. However, we believe that these are just two important variables in a complex system that can be affected by a number of different inputs. Our scientists and underwriters have consistently adjusted our global views of risk to consider our present and future expectations of hazard and loss drivers from all sources including, but not limited to climate change, inflation and other factors.

Our strategy focuses on operating as an integrated system of three competitive advantages: superior risk selection, superior customer relationships and superior capital management. We leverage our strengths in risk selection and capital management to build portfolios designed to be resilient against a spectrum of tail-risk scenarios, including elevated hurricane seasons. This allows us to price our products accordingly and to maintain our important position as a consistent incumbent for our customers.

We plan to continue to seek to take advantage of additional available opportunities and think that the strategic decisions we have made in prior periods have laid the foundation for these initiatives. Our clients value our ability to be a long-term partner who brings access to multiple forms of capital and innovative, large-scale solutions.

General Economic Conditions

We think that the stresses in the global economy will continue and that this may result in increased market volatility. Global events and geopolitical instability have contributed to widespread economic inflation. We consider the anticipated effects of inflation, including social, economic, and event-driven, in our loss models, on our investment portfolio, and generally in the running of our business, and actively monitor trends in these areas.

Many central banks have been raising interest rates, which could act as a countervailing force against some inflationary pressures. The effects of interest rate trends on our reinsurance and insurance business could be magnified for longer-tail business lines that are more inflation-sensitive, particularly in our Casualty and Specialty segment, and in our other property class of business within our Property segment.

The risk of a global recession is a continuing concern. However, we think that our business model is well positioned to be less sensitive to an inflationary or recessionary environment. Notwithstanding the many uncertainties and challenges that lie ahead, we believe that our track record of responding to industry events, differentiated risk management and client service capabilities, coupled with access to diverse sources of both capital and risk position us favorably in the current environment.

Tax Updates

On December 27, 2023, the Government of Bermuda enacted the Corporate Income Tax Act 2023, which will apply a 15% corporate income tax to certain Bermuda businesses in fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2025. The act includes a provision referred to as the economic transition adjustment, which is intended to provide a fair and equitable transition into the tax regime, and results in a deferred tax benefit for the Company. Pursuant to this legislation, the Company recorded a net deferred tax asset in the fourth quarter of 2023, expected to be utilized predominantly over a 10-year period. The Company expects to incur and pay increased taxes in Bermuda beginning in 2025. We believe that the flexible global operating model that we have utilized will continue to prove resilient.

Three Drivers of Profit

We have built a strong foundation across all three drivers of profit, and we had strong overall performance in the first quarter of 2024, reflecting solid contributions from each of our three drivers of profit. This performance was a reflection of our strategy of generating diversified earnings streams for our business across underwriting income, fee income and investment income. Having three distinct sources of income makes us more resilient to catastrophe activity, and should reward our shareholders with superior returns.

Underwriting Income

Through disciplined underwriting, we aim to manage the cycle and allocate our capital to the business that will generate the best returns. Over the course of 2023, we were focused on managing the cycle to shape

our underwriting portfolio to favor attractive lines. We believe that we have constructed a large and profitable underwriting portfolio that was bolstered by our ability to participate broadly across our clients’ portfolios.

In 2024, we are focused on continuing to deliver the combined RenaissanceRe and Validus portfolio, moving from the successful January 1 renewals where we retained the combined portfolio at attractive rates and terms and conditions, to the upcoming mid-year renewals.

Property

With the global impact of climate change, we expect the frequency and severity of perils such as drought, flood, rain, hail and wildfire to continue at the elevated levels we have seen in recent years. We believe that the underwriting changes that we recently made, including requiring higher rates and attachment points, have positioned us so that this catastrophe activity will have a smaller impact on our financial results than it otherwise may have.

At the January 1 and April 1 renewals, we improved on what we think was an already strong Property segment portfolio. Rates in the property catastrophe market remained strong and the markets remained disciplined. The other property market continued to experience rate increases, and we will continue to monitor rate adequacy in this area for potential growth opportunities.

We remain focused on delivering the combined Validus and RenaissanceRe portfolio at the upcoming mid-year renewals. We have seen additional demand in the property reinsurance market, particularly in Florida. Although we believe that the Florida market has improved, we remain cautious.

Casualty and Specialty

The January 1 renewal in our Casualty and Specialty segment was also successful. The trends we witnessed at the January 1 renewal for the casualty and specialty market have generally continued. The Validus Acquisition provided us with significant access to additional casualty and specialty business and provided us with an even more influential position in the market. We continued to manage the cycle, focusing growth in the specialty and general casualty lines of business, while reducing in the professional liability line of business. The shift in premiums in the quarter displays our agility in maintaining underwriting discipline.

In March 2024, the Francis Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore collapsed following a collision with a cargo ship. We have not seen significant additional reinsurance capacity flow into the specialty market following this event, and expect that, along with recent aviation incidents, that it will further drive specialty market dislocation and an attractive rate environment.

Our prior work building strong relationships with key customers has allowed us to gain superior access to desirable business. We have focused our growth in attractive areas while reducing on deals that do not meet our return hurdles. We believe that we have a prudent reserving process for our casualty and specialty business and remain confident in our reserves.

Fee Income

We take a differentiated approach to our Capital Partners unit, with a focus on first sourcing the risks that we intend to write, and then matching it with the appropriate third-party capital. Our Capital Partners unit continues to grow into an attractive market and benefited from increased access to desirable risk as a result of the Validus Acquisition. We view this as a growing and sustainable driver of profit that we expect will continue to generate an increase in low-volatility management fee income. For the first quarter of 2024, increased fees were driven by underlying portfolio growth and strong performance.

Investment Income

We are benefiting from higher interest rates and growth in this driver of profit as a result of our proactive rotation of the portfolio into higher yielding securities as we saw historic increases in interest rates. However, we continue to maintain a relatively conservative position for our investment portfolio. The Validus Acquisition contributed a relatively large investment portfolio that should contribute to our investment income in future periods.

See the “Risk Factors” section in our Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 21, 2024, and Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for additional information on factors that could cause our actual results

to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-Q and other documents we file with the SEC.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are principally exposed to five types of market risk: interest rate risk; foreign currency risk; credit risk; equity price risk and commodity price risk. Our investment guidelines permit, subject to approval, investments in derivative instruments such as futures, options, foreign currency forward contracts and swap agreements, which may be used to assume risks or for hedging purposes.

There were no material changes to these market risks, as disclosed in “Part II, Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, during the three months ended March 31, 2024. See “Part II, Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for a discussion of our exposure to these risks.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) of the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that, at March 31, 2024, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in Company reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2024, which were identified in connection with our evaluation required pursuant to Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

There have been no material changes to the legal proceedings previously disclosed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Our share repurchase program may be effected from time to time, depending on market conditions and other factors, through open market purchases and privately negotiated transactions. Our Board of Directors has authorized a share repurchase program in an aggregate amount of up to $500.0 million, which was last renewed on August 2, 2022. Unless terminated earlier by our Board of Directors, the program will expire when we have repurchased the full value of the shares authorized.

The table below details the repurchases that were made during the first quarter of 2024, which represents common shares surrendered by employees in respect of withholding tax obligations on the vesting of restricted stock.



	Total shares purchased			Other shares purchased			Shares purchased under publicly announced repurchase program			Maximum dollar amount still available under repurchase program
	Shares purchased	Average price per share		Shares purchased	Average price per share		Shares purchased	Average price per share
										(in thousands)
Beginning dollar amount available to be repurchased										$	500,000
January 1 - 31, 2024	—	$	—	—	$	—	—	$	—	$	500,000
February 1 - 29, 2024	67,693	$	228.60	67,693	$	228.60	—	$	—	$	500,000


March 1 - 31, 2024	25,258	$	231.56	25,258	$	231.56	—	$	—	$	500,000
Total	92,951	$	229.40	92,951	$	229.40	—	$	—	$	500,000

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we did not repurchase common shares pursuant to our publicly announced share repurchase program. At March 31, 2024, $500.0 million remained available for repurchase under the share repurchase program. In the future, we may authorize additional purchase activities under the currently authorized share repurchase program, increase the amount authorized under the share repurchase program, or adopt additional trading plans. Our decision to repurchase common shares will depend on, among other matters, the market price of the common shares and our capital requirements.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS


31.1			Certification of Kevin J. O’Donnell, Chief Executive Officer of RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd., pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
31.2			Certification of Robert Qutub, Chief Financial Officer of RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd., pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
32.1			Certification of Kevin J. O’Donnell, Chief Executive Officer of RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd., pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2			Certification of Robert Qutub, Chief Financial Officer of RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd., pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS			XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.DEF			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.PRE			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104			Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit 101).

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

RENAISSANCERE HOLDINGS LTD.

Date: May 1, 2024 /s/ Robert Qutub

Robert Qutub

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)

Date: May 1, 2024 /s/ James C. Fraser

James C. Fraser

Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer

(Principal Accounting Officer)

Form: 10-Q

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